Describes the Literacy Pyramid (based on the United States Department of Agriculture food pyramid), a classification of eight instructional events, which is intended as a framework for teachers to think about the purpose of various instructional formats and about organizing time for language arts instruction. (SR)

Discusses the theories of instructional design methodologies and describes limitations for developing instruction for interactive, technology-based delivery systems. Topics discussed include content analysis; knowledge acquisition; course organization; phases of instructional development; passive versus interactive instruction; productivity and…

Describes, justifies, and illustrates a process for analyzing and comparing instructional development (ID) models at the task and subtask levels. ID tasks and subtasks are identified, weights are assigned to the subtasks, and various instructional design and instructional development models are compared, as to both comprehensiveness and…

Compares and contrasts the current development of needs analysis and needs assessment through a review of the literature, and offers recommendations designed to restore systems thinking to front-end analysis in organizational and instructional development. The roles of needs assessment and needs analysis in a performance technology model are…

Discussion of managing instructional development projects focuses on organization--the step between planning and implementation. Results of poor organization are discussed, and three major tasks of the manager are explained: establishing work groups; assigning responsibilities and authority; and delineating relationships between groups. (Contains…

Describes benefits of planning field trips well in advance. Briefly describes nine steps for creating successful field trips. Emphasizes value of visiting site, discussing trip with site staff, and introducing topical material to students before trip. Recommends adequate supervision, enforcing student discipline, and planning meals. (TES)

Discussion of claims of constructivism and educational technology that were raised in an earlier issue is presented in the form of a philosophical dialogue. Topics discussed include instructional development; knowledge acquisition; constructivist theories and educational psychology; objectivists versus constructivists; subjectivism; and…

Discusses the need to reengineer performance development in light of new technologies, concepts, and tools. Topics addressed include current performance development strategies; new models; learning strategies versus training strategies; electronic performance support and software; and the role of the instructional developer. (LRW)

Studies and identifies those characteristics and attitudes most needed in approaching curriculum planning from a holistic approach. Describes the phases and methods for holistic curriculum planning. Presents the curriculum planning activities of the Shaker Heights, Ohio, City School District as exemplary. (HB)

Analyzes Vygotsky's two major types of mediation, metacognitive and cognitive, as the main mechanism of children's learning and development. Shows how this concept has influenced recent research in learning and instruction. Integrates derivative approaches to instruction. Contains two pages of references. (MMU)

Describes a fourth-generation ISD (instructional systems development) model, an integrative problem solving system that dynamically adjusts the authoring activities of instructional development by direct reference to a specific learning problem or need. Includes case studies that illustrate the three model components: situational evaluation,…

The present study investigated the effects of training parents of young adults with disabilities to use constant time delay to teach their children purchasing skills in the community. The parent intervention involved target skill selection and instructional planning (e.g., identifying prompts and reinforcers), parent training on constant time…

Closing the educational achievement gap has been a schooling issue since Brown v. Board of Topeka, Kansas decision. Generally, the learning achievement of elementary and secondary African-American student has been an issue in majority school populations across the United States. And evidence of performance of these students appears to be more…

Over the years, many authors have tried to describe, conceptualize, and visualize the instructional design or development processes via a variety of process models. Most descriptions imply a rather homogeneous view of design, depicting it as an overall problem-solving process following general phases such as analysis, design and development,…

Purpose: This paper evaluates whether the revalidated Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) programme encourages independent learning by its curriculum design, delivery and assessment. Results: Evidence regarding the promotion of independent learning was gained from learners and external examiners. The scientific publications, presentations and posters…