Two societal changes that are increasing the need to promote physically active lifestyles are the impact of new technology on work and leisure time, and the aging of the population. The paper makes recommendations for enhancing health and physical performance for all individuals. (SM)

Work redesign to facilitate teacher empowerment was studied in a year-long comparative case study in two junior-high schools implementing a career-ladder program. Journals of 6 teacher leaders (TLs), 23 teachers, and 3 teacher-specialists; TLs' and novice teachers' midyear surveys; and 61 classroom observations by TLs and principals were analyzed.…

Analysis of higher education in postcommunist Romania looks at the system's history since World War II, enrollment patterns from 1948-49 to 1992-93, control of academic appointments, public policy concerning science and the conditions of academic work, and restructuring of higher education institutions after 1970 to support technological and…

A study of stress among 786 faculty at a land-grant university found differences in stress levels among discipline groups and higher stress reported by women than by men. The findings are discussed, and several proposals are made for individual faculty members, department heads, and academic administrators for addressing the problems of workplace…

Discusses ways in which the conflicts of capital and labor in later nineteenth-century U.S. influences the philosophy of education of J. Dewey. Dewey never lost his concern with social problems and advancing the cause of workplace democracy. He wanted his school community to prefigure a reconstructed industrial society. (SLD)

Describes perceptions of conflict as a utility (functional conflict) among 1,953 department executives in programs of social work, education, and nursing (the emergent professions); and analyzes perceptual data in terms of organizational conflict climate and demographics. Variations in terms of perceived operational utility of organizational…

Describes a four-stage unit of study on the world of adult work that was used in a class of kindergartners and first graders. Students first focused on the school employees' jobs and then on parents' occupations. (BB)

Presents overviews of librarian and library support staff education from 1887 to the present. Discusses current forces in education for librarians; the balance between professional and university environments; differences between education for librarians and library technicians; persistent themes; the role of information science in library…

Relates selected concepts from the general literature of gay and lesbian psychology to the career development of gay men. Specific concerns related to sexual identity development, the management of stigma, and psychological adjustment are reviewed, and suggestions are offered both to practitioners and researchers. (Author)

Discusses career decision making of lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals within the framework of personal (interests, values, and skills) and environmental (workplace barriers) factors and their interactive influences. Reviews empirical literature and proposes suggestions for research and practice. (Author/JBJ)

A survey of 754 University of California at San Francisco doctoral pharmacy graduates from 1980 to 1994 investigated how managed care affected practice patterns and perceptions of the profession. Graduates generally remained satisfied with their education and were optimistic about the profession. Although managed care has created a stressful…

A study investigated the relationship between job-related stress (reward satisfaction, institutional/departmental reputation, time commitment, departmental/institutional influence, student interaction) and intent to leave academia among 3,070 full-time tenure-track faculty nationwide. Interest in discipline, sense of community, academic…

Diversity is increasing within the United States, and higher education will likely play a key role in preparing people to function in this new environment. This study assessed the effectiveness of a semester-long psychology workplace diversity course at changing student levels of ethnocentrism and attitudes regarding gender roles; the disabled;…

The number of female school principals in the United States continues to grow each year, and many of these women are evolving into outstanding educational leaders. Cultural and gender barriers, however, continue to limit their leadership effectiveness despite their overall achievements. Many of these women have not maximized their leadership…

After a theoretical analysis of the concept of organizational citizenship is elaborated, we complete an analysis of the characteristics of school organization that promote citizenship behaviors. We assume that the leadership of the principal is critical in such an endeavor as well as the trust that colleagues have in each other and the extent to…