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Estevez, Angeles F.; Fuentes, Luis J.; Overmier, J. Bruce; Gonzalez, Carmen – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 2003
In this study, 24 individuals (ages 6-37) with down syndrome had to learn a symbolic conditional discrimination task. Participants showed better terminal accuracy and faster learning of the task when the alternative correct responses were each followed by unique different outcomes than when nondifferential outcomes were arranged. (Contains…
Descriptors: Adults, Children, Contingency Management, Discrimination Learning
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Osborne, J. Grayson; Gatch, Michael B. – Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 1989
Two five-year-old children with profound hearing impairments were involved in a conditional discrimination task. They were taught to relate manual signs, pictures, and printed words in a nominal matching-to-sample task in such a way that equivalent stimuli resulted. Results showed that the establishment of equivalence relations can promote…
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Hearing Impairments, Intervention, Learning Processes
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Humphreys, Lloyd G.; Eysenck, Hans J. – Intelligence, 1989
Three papers--comments, a reply to comments, and a rejoinder--discussing a conclusion about the nature of general intelligence based on the size loadings of a psychomotor test of discrimination reaction time are presented. The use of Spearman's "g" is the center of the controversy. (TJH)
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Estimation (Mathematics), Factor Analysis, Intelligence
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Meltzoff, Andrew N. – Developmental Psychology, 1995
Two experiments examined whether 40 infants would reenact what an adult did or intended to do: (1) infants observed an adult unsuccessfully attempt to complete 4 target acts; and (2) children observed a mechanical device tracing the adults' actions. Infants could infer adults' intentions and imitate target acts, suggesting that children can…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures, Discrimination Learning
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Weismer, Susan Ellis – Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1991
This study, which assessed hypothesis-testing abilities using a discrimination-learning paradigm, found that 16 language-impaired primary-level children solved fewer problems than 16 controls equated on cognitive level, but the 2 groups used similar hypothesis types to solve the problems. Type of verbal feedback (explicit versus nonexplicit) did…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Discrimination Learning, Feedback, Hypothesis Testing
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Glat, Rosana; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994
This case study describes initially unsuccessful attempts to use the delayed-cue procedure to teach conditional discriminations to a 25-year-old male with moderate mental retardation. The subject typically waited for the delayed cue unless differential responses to the dictated samples (repeating the sample names) were required. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Case Studies, Cues, Discrimination Learning
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Carter, D. Bruce; Levy, Gary D. – Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 1991
Forty-four boys and 23 girls aged 3 to 6 years attending preschools serving mostly middle class populations participated in a nonreversal discrimination task with gender typing and size of stimulus the relevant target dimensions. Results support predictions based on gender schema theory regarding salience of gender-to-gender schematic and…
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Individual Differences, Middle Class Students, Preschool Children
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Duker, Pieter C.; And Others – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1993
A correction procedure, including interruption, physical guidance, verbal instruction, and repetition, was used to train five students with severe/profound mental retardation to reject unmatching referents to their gesture mands. Trainers are urged to assess student response when items not matching the referent of a prior request are offered.…
Descriptors: Body Language, Communication Skills, Discrimination Learning, Error Correction
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Schlund, Michael W.; Cataldo, Michael F. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2005
Results of numerous human imaging studies and nonhuman neurophysiological studies on "reward" highlight a role for frontal, striatal, and thalamic regions in operant learning. By integrating operant and functional neuroimaging methodologies, the present investigation examined brain activation to two types of discriminative stimuli correlated with…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests, Correlation, Role
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Myers, Karyn M.; Davis, Michael – Learning & Memory, 2004
The neural mechanisms of fear suppression most commonly are studied through the use of extinction, a behavioral procedure in which a feared stimulus (i.e., one previously paired with shock) is nonreinforced repeatedly, leading to a reduction or elimination of the fear response. Although extinction is perhaps the most convenient index of fear…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Stimuli, Models, Fear
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Nevin, John A.; Davison, Michael; Shahan, Timothy A. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2005
A model of conditional discrimination performance (Davison & Nevin, 1999) is combined with the notion that unmeasured attending to the sample and comparison stimuli, in the steady state and during disruption, depends on reinforcement in the same way as predicted for overt free-operant responding by behavioral momentum theory (Nevin & Grace, 2000).…
Descriptors: Behavior Theories, Behavior Problems, Stimuli, Probability
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Etaugh, Claire F.; Pope, Barbara K. – Child Development, 1974
Descriptors: Age Differences, Difficulty Level, Discrimination Learning, Elementary School Students
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Evans, Joyce Stewart – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1974
Descriptors: Auditory Perception, Bilingual Students, Disadvantaged Youth, Discrimination Learning
Downes, Meta M.; And Others – 1985
Ten hearing impaired college students and 10 normal hearing students were given receptive speech discrimination tests in English, French, and Spanish. No significant differences between English and foreign language discrimination scores were found for the normal hearing Ss. The hearing impaired Ss had significantly lower discrimination scores for…
Descriptors: College Students, Discrimination Learning, Hearing Impairments, Higher Education
Ley, Ronald – 1981
A method for measuring recognition memory (free of distractors) and false recognition was based on the assumption that the subject was "honest." A distractor-free test of word recognition (a single-item test trial in which the 36 targets were presented prior to the 36 distractors) was compared with a traditional target-distractor…
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Group Testing, Individual Testing, Memory
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