The function of the research-related activities of universities in countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is examined. Additionally, the extent to which the universities are affected by the demands placed upon them, and implications of the situation for the future well-being of the scientific…

Originally presented at a forum on participatory research, these theoretical papers and case studies represent an effort to place the overall work of participatory research within the larger theoretical context of research methods, education, and structural change. In the first paper Orlando Fals Borda explores the relationship between science and…

The nine studies contained in this volume represent efforts to better understand and develop improved programs for middle school students. Research briefs deal with such topics as the attitudes of students, teachers, and principals; middle school characteristics; the degree of middle school program implementation; a guidance program model;…

Since the questioning process is critical in stimulating student learning, an urgent need for more extensive, controlled research on this topic exists. Previous studies indicate that a high percentage of questions asked by teachers call only for factual answers and that oral activity in the classroom is largely teacher-dominated. Further, no…

There are many "truths" concerning reading psychology and pedagogy that teachers accept without questioning and that play an important role in current reading instruction. However, both science and education are deeply affected by the tenor of their times, and present day answers should be regarded only as tentative propositions that may be…

The purpose of this report was to consider factors that might be important for understanding how schools as organizations respond to environmental stress. Literature from psychology, sociology, education, and political science is reviewed and an attempt is made to integrate a diverse body of findings, using concepts from general systems theory and…

Financial viability in postsecondary education is considered as part of the Postsecondary Education Core Design Project sponsored by the National Center for Education Statistics. Financial viability is defined within the scope of postsecondary education, and key policy issues at the national, state, and institutional levels are identified.…

For many years American Society seemed to feel that all institutional and cultural development of the United States came directly from Western European historical tradition. The greater society lost much of the enrichment and perspective that comes from the acceptance of a cultural pluralism that includes American Indian contributions in society…

It is proposed that the only technology that has consistently been effective over traditional education approaches is the personalized system of instruction (PSI). An overview is given of the purpose, origin, development, and use of the system. The five critical components are outlined: use of student assistants, emphasis on the written word in…

This volume represents an effort to develop a definitive reference work on research in mathematics education. The reference is divided into two parts. Part 1, on the research process, focuses on problems of research methods and their relevance to research in mathematics education. Part 1 also introduces the beginner to some of the issues and…

THIS PUBLICATION PRESENTS SELECTED PAPERS FROM THE UNITED CEREBRAL PALSY ASSOCIATION'S 15TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE, MARCH 13, 1965. PAPERS ARE--(1) "S IS TO TURN" BY PAUL V. CARLSON, (2) "CERTAIN ASPECTS OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF THE FETUS IN UTERO" BY FORREST H. ADAMS, (3) "ENCEPHALITIS--COMMON CAUSES AND AFTER EFFECTS"…

AS SHOWN IN TWO STUDIES INVOLVING U.S. NAVY ELECTRONICS TRAINEES AND IN ONE INVOLVING STUDENTS IN AN INTRODUCTORY PSYCHOLOGY COURSE, MINIATURE LEARNING SITUATIONS CAN BE USED TO PREDICT CLASSROOM PERFORMANCE. WHEN A SINGLE PROGRAM IS USED TO OBTAIN A MEASURE OF LEARNING ABILITY, THE COMBINATION OF THE RESULTING GAIN MEASURES OF LEARNING ABILITY…

THE MAJOR PROBLEM FACING EDUCATION, ACCORDING TO THIS REVIEW OF THE CONFERENCE, IS TO DEVELOP THE MOST EFFECTIVE LEARNING PROGRAMS FOR DISADVANTAGED YOUTH, WHICH SHOULD BE EVALUATED SCIENTIFICALLY. RIGOROUS STUDY IS NEEDED OF SUCH ISSUES AS (1) THE NATURE OF THE MOST EFFECTIVE PROGRAM FOR THE DISADVANTAGED LEARNER, (2) THE ASSESSMENT OF THE BASIC…

The nearly 40 research studies carried out in New Zealand during the last decade have resulted in some very important ideas. In the area of children and texts, research focused on how children learn from texts, and the resulting data suggest that children can and do teach themselves to read, learning from their mistakes. The complexity of the…

Information on graduates of women's studies programs was collected and assessed. Women's studies graduates are defined as those students who have completed requirements for a postsecondary degree, certificate, or other form of academic certification in women's studies. Of the approximately 300 programs contacted, responses were received from 66.…