What styles of action do boys learn to use in tackling work problems? How are these different from what girls do? What particular coping styles are preferred in different cultures? What differences are there between working class and upper-middle class in their dominant coping styles? Such choices of strategies in dealing with tasks are related to…

The present study attempted to identify and describe individual differences in concept learning. It was hypothesized that if a significant portion of the reliable individual variation in a complex learning situation could be identified and described, it would be reasonable to expect that subsequent predictions could be made about the conditions…

The instructional model presented describes a system which is now being implemented by the United States Navy, but can be generalized to educational program development in other areas. (Author)

The article discusses 11 steps involved in good teaching and in developing individualized education programs for handicapped students. (CL)

The contrasting approaches of differential psychology and cognitive psychology to the same individual differences data are outlined. Using data from the Clark and Chase sentence-picture verification task, four loci of conflict between these two disciplines are identified: (1) theory versus measurement; (2) meaningfulness versus reliability; (3)…

Given a set of dichotomously scored items, ordering theory attempts to identify a hierarchy among those items. A graphic representation is presented for an empirically obtained hierarchy and a testing procedure to evaluate hypothesized hierarchical relationships. (Author/JKS)

Both process evaluation and task accomplishment evaluation are important. Six questions are submitted to guide goal-achievement evaluation: Are all members heard and valued? Beyond the ingroup? A shared common goal? Means and ends vitally related? Professional expertise and scholarship valued? Group work and personal leadership? (Author)

This is an attempt to come up with the intermediate steps for moving from essentially traditional instructional situations toward realization of the ideal models or processes toward which most people in the field of performance/instructional technology are striving at any given time. (VT)

Discussed are the relative merits of two currently popular models of assessing children--the ability assessment and task analysis models. (CL)

Problems associated with current expertise in evaluation are discussed. Since evaluators are not always able to reliably achieve all levels of an evaluation project, these tasks are categorized into five levels of complexity. The author suggests a more accurate label for evaluators, "descriptive inquiry specialists," and includes guidelines for…

Third grade children were trained in component processes of problem solving strategies and were subsequently tested on ability to transfer the strategies to novel situations. Results indicate that, contrary to the Piagetian position, generalizable problem solving strategies were acquired at this age level. (Author/GO)

Investigated developmental trends in organization and free recall as they interact with spatial representation and blocking. Subjects were 695 children in grades 4, 6 and 8. Task factors appeared to interact with developmental trends in both organization and free recall. (GO)

Discusses the relevance of applied performance testing to classroom testing and outlines strategies that teachers may take in incorporating this testing method into their classroom activities. (Author/RK)

Nine trainable mentally retarded students (mean age 14.6 years) showed significant achievement gains over a control group in the skill areas of spatial perception, communication, welfare, health, and rules after participating in a behavioristic task analysis curriculum encouraging student decision making. (CL)

Evaluation of two methods, Stimulus Manipulation and Delay Feedback Only, for teaching four mildly handicapped students (ages 9-13) to solve missing minuend problems found both methods to be effective. However, systematic differences in error rate and long-term retention were observed, favoring the Stimulus Manipulation procedure. (Author/DB)