The effects of independent, interdependent, and dependent group contingencies in increasing spelling performance of two classes of sixth grade students were compared using an alternating treatments design. Results suggest that all three contingencies substantially improving spelling performance on daily tests. (Author/LMO)

Identifies various theories of individual and group influences on the performance control process. Both Japanese and American managers have a Rational Man theory of the individual. However, Americans see groups as helping to reduce the risk of poor performance, whereas Japanese see them as enhancing good performance. (Author/LHW)

An overview of stimulus overload, behavioral constraint and ecological analyses of crowding is presented. Limitations of these analyses are noted, including their failure to provide criteria for determining relative salience of various crowding antecedents, intensity and persistence of crowding experiences, and circumstances under which…

Female college students were selected on the basis of their scores on the Manifest Anxiety Scale. The subjects worked either alone or in pairs. The experiment had a two x two x two design, with group type (nominal versus real), manifest anxiety (low versus high), and induces stress (low versus high) as the three variables. (Author)

Notes that both books reviewed seek to understand the forces that have shaped the Jews' social and psychological marginality in American society. (Author/AM)

Bernstein's theory was tested in the homosexual's "closed" community to determine code-switching ability and its relationship to jargon. Subjects told a story based on homoerotic photographs where knowledge of sexual orientation was varied. Results suggest that homosexual homophyly encouraged elaboration. (Author)

It is the purpose of this paper to review selected literature related to behavior change processes and to offer a systemized approach toward humanizing the process of change in the schools. (Author/RK)

An assessment is made of the conflicting claims that either co-operation or competition between pupils facilitates pupil learning. (Author)

How one elementary school calmed down its hectic lunchroom periods. (SP)

Article discusses the needs of cultural minorities and how they conceive of the purpose for education. Compares social and cultural representation with liberal studies. (Author/RK)

An intervention based upon the principles of role modeling by peers and high status figures which preceded a task requiring the interaction of black and white male junior high school students successfully modified the performance of black students. (JM)