Day care for children of working parents in the United States is labeled a "market failure" where supply and demand meet at a level that is substandard to almost all consumers. In this study of the issue of corporate child care, barriers to entry are discussed and a list is given of the range of service firms could consider. Among the barriers…

Poorly planned implementation of microcomputers has been shown to increase stress symptoms. Concerns have also been raised about the impact of new technology on the quality of the work environment. Programming expertise alone is not sufficient to prevent these problems. This paper therefore describes the role that psychologists can play in…

Abuse of alcohol and other drugs has affected the U.S. workplace, diminishing the nation's productivity, reducing its competitive advantage, and threatening the safety of its workers. Individual employees and their families have experienced tragic economic and emotional losses. Some public policies have been implemented, and some treatment…

Two studies examined the relationship between various indicators of communicative work dependency and response satisfaction. Work dependency is a structural variable that influences individual information processing needs, while response satisfaction is a relational variable pertaining to the communication climate of organizations. For Study One,…

Little attention has been given to how adults develop through their lifetimes and what roles their workplace environments play in that development. Research and theory regarding adult psychosocial development have confirmed the developmental life-cycle phases of adulthood. These are: leaving the family (ages 16-22), getting into the adult world…

The use of performance appraisal (PA) as part of a performance management system at the college level is discussed, and a process model to implement PA through staff development is presented. Through PA, the supervisor and employee develop a framework for identifying job duties and responsibilities, goals and objectives, and performance measures.…

In 1981 four supervisors at a chemical company in Great Britain were each fined 100 pounds under the country's 1974 Health and Safety at Work Act after a fifth supervisor was injured because of a faulty interlock guard. The supervisors were convicted because they had all known about but had done nothing to rectify the potential safety hazard. The…

To explore several categories of variables strongly associated with professional satisfaction and dissatisfaction in American middle schools, responses of 540 out of 900 targeted middle school teachers to two open-ended questions were analysed. (The two survey items were drawn from the Status of the U.S. American Middle School Teacher…

This multivariate, longitudinal study examined the role of mothers' employment with respect to children's cognitive and social development, children's home environment, and mothers' attitudes toward employment. A total of 130 middle class children and their mothers participated. Data on children's cognitive and social development, the home…

This book contains group instructional exercises designed to help older workers who are new to America make a satisfactory and satisfying adjustment to work in America. The plans present information and strategies for dealing with cultural issues that need to be addressed prior to active involvement in employment or training. They are designed for…

For more than 80 years, jobs in the United States have been designed by people for others. For most of these years, the experts in job design have placed the production technology above the job holder in importance. Since the 1950s, many jobs have been redesigned around new, computer-based technology. Often, the net effect has been to make those…

A description of unionization among college faculty from January 1 through December 31, 1987 focuses on agents elected, the American Federation of Teachers, the National Education Association, the American Association of University Professors, no-agent elections, decertifications, strikes, legislation, demographic analysis, and first contracts…

In accordance with the goal of gathering and disseminating information on early childhood, Community Coordinated Child Care conducted a survey of day care centers, day care homes, and preschool programs in Louisville and Jefferson County, Kentucky. The purpose of the survey was to obtain facts pertaining to characteristics of programs, directors,…

On December 12, 1985, a charter airline carrying 248 United States soldiers crashed and burned after a refueling stop in Gander, Newfoundland, killing all on board. After the crash, family assistance workers were appointed to help the surviving family members of each dead soldier. This study attempted to: (1) identify the major areas of stress for…

This paper describes the new technologies most likely to affect the number and types of jobs in the U.S. economy over the next two decades. These work-affecting technologies are presented in the context of the continuing evolution of the U.S. work force into a distinctly new, third era. Chapter I discusses the transformation of the United States…