Recently, the number of learners of Japanese as a foreign language (JFL) has been increasing. In Japanese language acquisition, compound verbs (verbs that are composed of two verbs, e.g., tobikomu 'jump into') are frequently used in daily life; these present difficulties, including unclarity of combination and opacity of meaning. Matsuda (2001)…

This literature review article is dedicated to the issues and notion of multilingualism, particularly in Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan is a multiethnic country where more than 130 different ethnic groups reside. At present, a fast multilingual advancement is taking place in Kazakhstan. The study explores the origins and definitions of multilingualism,…

This paper argues the nature of adult foreign or second language (L2) vocabulary learning and points out the importance of word-form learning at the initial stage of vocabulary development. The Type of Processing-Resource Allocation (TOPRA) model is introduced as a prominent theoretical framework to capture it. Finally, some future studies are…

The purpose of this dictionary and thesaurus of contemporary figurative language and metaphor is to identify all the words and phrases used figuratively and metaphorically in everyday English and to categorize each word or phrase not only by meaning but also by what cognitive linguists and others have described variously as figure and ground,…

This article discusses two types of opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration between computational linguistics (CL) and language learning research. We target the connection between data and theory in second language (L2) research and highlight opportunities to (a) enrich the options for obtaining data and (b) support the identification…

This study has aimed to investigate language learners' emotional experiences through the lens of L2 future self-guides. To that end, the L2 motivational self system was chosen as the theoretical framework to relate learners' emotions to their L2 selves. However, due to inconsistent results of past research concerning the motivational role of the…

This commentary discusses some theoretical and methodological issues related to research on the spacing effect in second language acquisition research (SLA). There has been a growing interest in SLA in how the temporal distribution of input might impact language development. SLA research in this area has frequently drawn upon the rich field of…

The aim of the research is to develop models and modules for teaching English as a second language to weak learners. A qualitative research design was employed. Data were collected through classroom observations and focus-group interview with a group of students. Fifteen ESL learners, one ESL teacher and principal participated in the study. The…

Exploring perceptual learning style preferences and their relationships with academic achievement is important to success in teaching and learning language. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the perceptual learning style preferences of Libyan EFL University students majoring in English at Omar Almukhtar University and to check…

This article explores the relationship between Turkish undergraduate students' language learning mindsets, English language achievement, and English medium instruction (EMI) academic success. Student test score data on an EMI course and an English language course were collected from fourth year students studying mechatronics engineering (n = 68)…

Research indicates that beliefs on the locus of the primary source of learning can have negative effects on learning behaviors in school (Mercer & Ryan, 2011). To an increasing extent, young people in Sweden acquire English outside school through different cultural practices (Sundqvist & Sylvén, 2012). At the same time, students lack…

Content analysis studies have become popular in Turkey. Different content analysis studies have been made on different aspects of English language teaching in Turkey, but they have not focused on the graduate research on English language assessment and evaluation in Turkey. Therefore, the present study aimed to review the graduate studies on…

Teaching and learning pronunciation can be challenging for second language (L2) teachers and learners alike. Many people may even adopt that attitude that, 'She'll be right', thinking that L2 learners' pronunciation difficulties will likely sort themselves out in time. Yet many learners consider pronunciation to be the most difficult oral…

As writing pedagogy gains distinct footholds in university classrooms in India, it is worth retracing some of its steps to the shaping influence of composition pedagogies in the United States. In this article, the authors recount their experiences of using the concept of conversation to enable academic writing in their classrooms. Each narrative…

With increasing cultural and linguistic diversity in today's classrooms, a growing body of research continues to explore the varied ways in which digital tools and multiple modalities can tap into emergent bilingual students' academic and linguistic strengths. To understand the empirical landscape of this growing research, the authors…