Two studies examined whether individual faces are perceived categorically. A linear continuum of "morphed" faces was generated between individual exemplars of familiar faces. Subjects, undergraduate students, discriminated most accurately when face-pairs straddled apparent category boundaries; thus individual faces are perceived…

Proposes a new rule system and notation that supports the characterization of a document based on its structure or architecture (primarily linear, paper-copy media). Examples of the application of the notation are provided. (Author/JKP)

Using various types of businesses--furniture makers, car parts suppliers, paper mills, and food and steel industries--the various ways work is classified are illustrated. The ways classification is used for organizational learning and change are demonstrated. (SK)

The fit of five models (Roe's, Meir's and Knapp and Knapp's circular order; Gati's hierarchical; and Lunneborg and Lunneborg's four-factor) with Roe's eight vocational interest fields was analyzed using a randomization test of hypothesized order relations and factor analysis. Results showed that Meir's and Gati's models best represented Roe's…

Applied taxometric analyses to construct of psychopathy (as measured by Psychopathy Checklist) and to several variables reflecting antisocial childhood, adult criminality, and criminal recidivism. Findings from 653 serious offenders assessed or treated in maximum-security institution supported existence of taxon underlying psychopathy. Childhood…

Notes that numerous dysfunctions have roots in interpersonal problems rather than in individual, intrapsychic distress. Discusses movement toward developing diagnostic system that depicts/classifies relational disorders, and efforts of proponents to include relational disorders in future versions of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental…

Eight experiments, each with 10 observers in each condition, show that the visual search for Mueller-Lyer stimuli is based on complete configurations rather than component segments with preemption by low-level groups. Results support the view that rapid visual search can only access higher level, more ecologically relevant structures. (SLD)

Some of the most commonly used item response theory models for ordered polychotomous data are described using the taxonomy of D. Thissen and L. Steinberg (1986) as a framework. An empirical study found the graded response model and an extension of the partial credit model very similar in a practical application. (SLD)

Two experiments tested 10-month-old infants' categorization abilities. Infants were presented with a sequence of stimuli depicting members of a given category. Stimuli representing nonmembers of the category were inserted into the sequence. Infants appeared to disregard the nonmembers in the sequence. (MDM)

This article explains features of the 1992 American Association on Mental Retardation's definition and classification of mental retardation and then discusses six major implications of the system, such as the purpose of diagnosis, basis of classification, reliance on clinical judgment, provision of education and habilitation services, focus on…

Examined the possibility that knowledge about hierarchical organization of categories and cross-language equivalents for object labels can help children limit use of the assumption that nouns pick out mutually exclusive object categories. Findings suggest that even preschoolers use knowledge about language and categorization to fine tune the…

A connectionist model of category learning, attention learning covering map (ALCOVE), is described. The application of the model across a variety of category learning tasks is reviewed, and it is compared with other models. ALCOVE is shown to be superior to double-node and configural cue models. (SLD)

Applies concepts taken from the anthropological study of folk taxonomy to the semantic categorization of the senses in English, concluding that the 11 groups of contrast sets generally support hypotheses about folk taxonomies and present interesting data for cross-cultural comparisons. (five references) (CB)

Conducted two-part study to examine reasons underlying finding that experimentally provided vocational constructs are used in less complex, less differentiated ways than are subjects' personally elicited construct dimensions. Findings support significant differences between use of elicited and provided constructs and helped to isolate personal…

Application of equality constraints on the categories of a variable is a simple and useful extension of multiple correspondence analysis. Equality is an easy way to incorporate prior knowledge. A procedure to deal with unequal category numbers and with subsets of variables is outlined and illustrated. (SLD)