Although elementary-secondary and higher education have traditionally been treated as separate objects of political action, various pressures are bringing this arbitrary division into question. In an effort to understand how these two levels of education interact in the political educational arena in different States, the Education Commission of…

To meet the challenge of equal educational opportunity, current methods of public school finance must be revised. The present financial system, based on State equalization of local property tax valuation, is inequitable since it results in many school districts, particularly those in large cities, having inadequate resources to meet extraordinary…

A summary of presentations and proceedings of the 1968 annual symposium on health, physical education, and recreation makes up the major portion of this document. Four successful programs in action are discussed. In addition, the booklet contains a section on developing and writing proposals for Federal support programs and a section on…

This report presents a chronology of events and activities which were part of the study aimed at determining the feasibility of the Alum Rock Union Elementary School District as a potential site for a voucher demonstration. In the summer of 1970, the Office of Economic Opportunity issued a general nationwide request for proposals from interested…

This study represents an attempt to discern what responsibility the State should assume for regulating the education of the young, and what is the most defensible approach to fulfilling that responsibility. Analyses of this type could be timely, especially in the light of the spreading "alternative schools" movement; growing recognition among…

This paper describes the development of school finance reform in Oregon from 1968 through legislative enactments in 1973 and proposals for the voters in 1974. The first section describes the 1973 school finance reform proposal, rejected by voters, as it was originally submitted (whereby the State would have assumed 95 percent of the operating…

The authors, after discussing the St. Louis school system and its financial history, survey both traditional and innovative construction finance alternatives that have been used across the country. These alternatives, which fall into two categories, include: (1) conventional financing through tax incomes including State and Federal aid, and (2)…

Legislation in 1977 strengthened the role of school councils, comprised of teachers, parents, and students, in South Carolina to increase community and parent participation in schools. Accomplishments achieved and obstacles encountered by school councils are discussed. Aspects of effective councils are identified. (BJV)

Testing programs enacted by the state legislature are changing and improving Florida's educational system in five areas: (1) setting standards for students; (2) making schools more accountable; (3) creating growth through competiton; (4) evaluating educational programs; and (5) assuring the competency of educators. (BS)

Reviews the development of faculty collective bargaining in public higher education, as affected by federal and state constitutions and laws. Anticipates future trends. Topics covered include bargaining, organizing, determining the bargaining unit, negotiation agreements and impasses, administering the agreement, and relations between bargaining…

Reports findings of national survey supported by grant from Florida Institute of Government (30 states responding) on questions about legislative initiatives to raise salaries, give cash awards to excellent teachers, hire paraprofessionals, and upgrade certification standards. Warns average science teacher age is mid-40s; retirement will sharpen…

This report reveals the problems with claims made by Arizona state public education officials that English Language Learners (ELLs) are thriving under English-only instruction. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) and the state's accountability system, Arizona LEARNS, require all students, including ELLs, to participate in statewide…

Professional school counselors are required by law and/or regulation in every state to obtain a state-issued credential in order to be employed in public schools. In some states, this credential is called "certification"; others term it "licensure" or "endorsement." This guide provides a chart summarizing the…

This study examined the perceptions of Florida principals from failing high poverty/minority schools regarding accountability measures placed upon their schools by state legislation. Data collection included field notes, observations, and interviews regarding principals' impressions of the state's accountability system, how their role was…

The "ACNJ Child Advocate" is published quarterly by the Association for Children of New Jersey (ACNJ). ACNJ collects, analyzes, and distributes information on the well-being of children in New Jersey so that policymakers can pinpoint problems and work toward solutions. It reports data on key indicators of child well-being in each county…