Three clearly distinguishable lists were given simultaneously for learning. In one condition, subjects recalled all three lists; in a second condition, each list was given a different type of retention test although one of the lists was recalled. All subjects were fully informed of the materials and tests. The critical interest was in the recall…

Four experiments were conducted to examine the effects of various processing instructions on the rate of false recognition. The continuous single-item procedure was used, and false recognitions of four types were examined: synonyms, antonyms, nonsemantic associates, and homonyms. The instructions encouraged subjects to think of associates, usages…

The relationship between visual recognition memory and performance on a paired-associate task for good and poor readers was investigated. Subjects were three groups of 21, 21, and 22 children each, with mean IQ's of 98.2, 108.1, and 118.0, respectively. Three experimental tasks, individually administered to each subject, measured visual…

This study tested whether the word association employed by individual students could be used to predict their performance in a particular course. It was designed to explore a new method for describing the various models used in thinking and to determine whether this approach would yield results that were consonant with current cognitive theory. At…

A study of the commonality of associations of 50 lexical and 50 structural words by 80 kindergarten children indicated that (1) there was no significant difference in commonality of responses between lexical and structural words, (2) there was a difference in commonality relations for the sexes, and (3) there was more commonality in responses to…

In order to calibrate a vocabulary base which might be utilized in preparing materials for reading instruction at the elementary level, the 1000 most frequently used words in the preschooler's vocabulary provided the experimental data for several studies: (1) a series of free-recall experiments which yielded a scaling of common words according to…

THE EFFECTS OF SELECTIVE MANIPULATION OF PICTORIAL CONTENT UPON PAIRED ASSOCIATE LEARNING WERE TESTED AND EVALUATED. STIMULUS MATERIAL WAS VARIED BY AUGMENTING CONTOUR CUES AND DIMINISHING IRRELEVANT CUES. FIFTH-GRADE STUDENTS WERE ASSIGNED TO NINE DIFFERENT TREATMENTS, INVOLVING STIMULUS SLIDES THAT VARIED IN TREATMENT OF CONTOUR AND CONTEXTUAL…

Attempts to identify specific components of a complex associative task, foreign language vocabulary learning, that might be particularly sensitive to developmental differences in imagery generation ability. Subjects were 95 second grade children enrolled in four schools and 90 sixth grade children enrolled in two of these same schools. (Author/MP)

The efficacy of mnemonic strategy training for multiple-associate learning was examined with 33 educable mentally retarded children in four primary special classes. (Author/SBH)

Levitz and Ullmann's research (1969) was replicated, based on the findings that normal subjects can increase their number of uncommon associations in response to instructions and reinforcement. Results show that normals change their responses by means of an editing process and suggests this response is a "symptom" of normal flexibility rather than…

First grade children were the subjects for this investigation which focused on the role of meaning in the learning of sight vocabulary. (HOD)

The consequences of presenting graduate education students with a highly structured definition of the concept of curriculum were assessed in terms of the subject's cognitive structure, their attitudes toward the concept, and the nature of discussions which the subjects held with other teachers in their school setting. (Author/NQ)

The learning of backward associations by pigeons during training of forward associations was studied in three experiments using a symbolic matching task. The data are contrasted with the strong evidence of learning of backward associations by humans. (Editor/RK)

The method of transfer learning was manipulated in a study of proactive inhibition. Results suggest that the joint recall of two lists during transfer increases list differentiation and reduces competition between alternative sets of responses on the retention test. (Editor/RK)

This research has three purposes: 1) to determine whether subjects instructed to study silently in a free-recall experiment engage in associative encoding, 2) to test the validity of associative ability as an individual difference variable, 3) to test for an interaction between presentation rate and associative reaction time. (Editor/RK)