If the nature of mourning depends on the relationship between the bereaved and the deceased, then parental mourning following a child's death may be different from mourning following the death of an adult. Parents' (N=145) descriptions of their experiences in the first year after a child's death from cancer or a blood disorder were examined to…

Research has suggested that race and sex are strongly associated with the "imposter phenomenon" (I-P), a secret, intense, subjective self-perception of phoniness experienced by many high achievers. Sex, race, and perceived atypicality were examined in relation to the imposter phenomenon for 30 persons with adequate achievement in career…

As a means of providing suggestions for improving the quality of the courseware used in computer based education (CBE), this report reviews and evaluates current thought and research on the origins, characteristics, and effectiveness of existing approaches to courseware design. After a brief summary of some of the general problems encountered in…

Knowledge of individual differences of victim responses to and recovery from rape is necessary in order to provide for each victim's individual needs. Black women may be exposed to more violence in their culture and may be treated differently than white women. These differences may lead to different recovery patterns between black and white rape…

Although many studies have concluded that males are more aggressive than females in a variety of situations, significant variation exists among individuals in their willingness to respond to provocation with aggressive behavior. The pervasiveness of the sex role stereotyping of aggressiveness as a masculine trait and passivity as a feminine trait…

The result of a research conference, the document contains a collection of short studies and implementation experiences of leaders in the field of multiple talent teaching. Contributors represent 12 states: Alabama, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Texas, Utah, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Each presentation generally…

The componential conception of intelligence is summarized and contrasted with the psychometric conception. A brief history of concepts of intelligence is presented, beginning with Galton's anthropometric approach and Binet's more educationally relevant approach. Spearman's, and later Thurstone's, contributions to factor analysis promoted a…

The S-R Inventory of Anxiousness was developed as an experimental design to demonstrate the relative contributions of persons, situations, modes of response, and their interactions to individual differences in anxiety. College students in three studies were asked to rate a total of 154 items, involving 14 modes of response (physiological or overt…

Examined was the way in which self-disclosure develops, focusing upon the family structure and communication system. It was hypothesized that affection in the family would affect the amount of self-disclosure of subjects to parents and people outside the family, and that there would be a curvilinear relationship between the degree of parental…

This review of the literature on the development of young children's curiosity is directed specifically toward teachers and other practitioners and emphasizes what socialization agents can do to influence children's curiosity. Gaps in current knowledge about children's curiosity and implications of research findings are discussed. Theoretical…

The reliability and validity of three measures of infant temperament were compared in this study. The measures included the revised Carey (1978) Infant Temperament Questionnaire, a version of the Bayley (1969) Infant Behavior Record revised for completion by the parent, and a modified version of Buss and Plomin's (1975) EASI, an acronym standing…

A new approach to item analysis, concerned not only with differences among individuals, but also differences among the groups in which the individuals may have membership, is described. This multi-level aspect may be applied to studies of differences among individuals, classes, and schools, depending upon the kind of problem being studied and the…

Two experiments investigated individual differences in semantic recall of expository text. In the first experiment, fourth grade students of superior and average ability read and recalled a prose passage that had been analyzed for its semantic and logical content with a content structure grammar. Unlike past research results, the superior…

Changes in men's and women's societal roles and in their personality characteristics might be expected to lead to corresponding changes in the personal relations between sexes. Male (N=140) and female (N=95) college students, classified as sex-typed, cross-sex-typed, androgynous, or undifferentiated on the basis of their Bem Sex Role Inventory…

Some of the problems in research on aptitude treatment interactions (ATIs), are discussed. Among these problems are the inconsistency and lack of generality to many ATI findings, especially in classroom-based ATI investigations. It is suggested that such investigations may be of limited generality due to the nature of the phenomena. The importance…