Parts played by classroom teachers, school administrators, and students in the public schools' performance of three surrogatory roles have become indeterminate and fuzzy. Criteria related to in loco parentis, reinforcement of professed community values, and transmission of the culture of the arts and sciences no longer go without saying. The…

The function of library management is seen as different from the functions of librarians performing as professionals. (Author)

This report on the need for compulsory, standardized procedures for the certification of librarians (1) provides an historical overview of the subject; (2) identifies three types of certification: compulsory, permissive, and voluntary; (3) outlines current certification practices, requirements, and standards for school librarians; (4) reviews the…

A biennial compilation of honors awarded in the children's book field, this book includes major international and foreign awards of English-speaking countries. The awards are arranged alphabetically. Each entry includes a brief history of the award and, with a few exceptions, the titles of all winners from the first to the most recent, as of June…

On a high level of generalization, this essay traces the basic strains in the adult education enterprise to the differing pressures of clientele demand and academic respectability, and suggests that the kind of task differentiation represented by a division between credit and non-credit work may mitigate the tensions. In a postscript, Harry L.…

Aside from poor salaries and fringe benefits, the basic causes of teacher dropout are frustration and lack of status, both of which are greatly dependent on teacher workload. Components of workload are (1) a rigid school day and 35-hour week differing from freer patterns in higher-status occupations; (2) oversize classes which reduce teaching…

The stated policy of the author of this book is to describe American Indians and Eskimos in terms of personal accomplishment rather than in the perspective of national prominence. Short biographies of Native American leaders in many fields are presented; a photograph of most leaders accompanies a narrative section describing the leader's…

Suggests that, upon close inspection, an increase in the use of paraprofessionals at the reference desk is undesirable due to false assumptions about the ability of patrons to ask for what they want and of professional librarians to provide better service at higher levels of efficiency. (JD)

This article discusses the Employer Recognition Program initiated by the National Society of Professional Engineers to encourage employers to give closer attention to the needs of their professional engineering employees and to provide visibility and recognition to those who do. (CS)

The status and activity of women scientists during the critical period of professionalization in American science was limited. Despite discrimination, three successive generations gained ground in numbers and professional acceptance--first as independent investigators, then as teachers and illustrators and finally as study or research group…