This study tests the hypothesis that the local labor market structure, particularly the proportions of high- and low-paying occupations, affects human capital investment. Most studies have assumed that the direction of causation flows from the supply of human capital to employment growth. However, the creation of low-skilled jobs merely reshuffles…

This document contains the analysis of public responses to an issue paper published in the Federal Register (December 2, 1987) regarding the U.S. Department of Labor's Apprenticeship 2000 initiative, the purpose of which is to determine the future role of apprenticeship in meeting needs for a skilled work force. The document contains the following…

Intended to provide a uniform pattern for use by employers and labor representatives in setting up and operating effective apprenticeship programs for sign, display, and allied workers, guidelines are listed under the following headings: Definitions, qualifications for apprenticeship, selection of apprentices, term of apprenticeship, related…

This guide informs women about the apprenticeship system and how it operates, provides some background on the problems that women sometimes encounter in seeking apprenticeships, and outlines the apprenticeship application process. Statistics are given concerning the growth in the number of women participating in the apprenticeship system. In the…

The series of three lectures examine different aspects of work as manifested in changes in workers' attitudes, responses to these changes in the European context, and significant European developments in relation to worker participation. The first lecture discusses social, technological, educational, and economic changes that have affected…

Does management in newly established factories using highly advanced technology meet special problems in recruitment and training of their workers? Are the traditional training systems supplying the skilled manpower required for running highly sophisticated plants? These were the basic questions asked when the present study was started in seven…

After a review of existing courses and methods in Great Britain for training full-time instructors, a study was made of inplant and out of plant systems of on the job training using experienced workers as part-time instructors. This emerged as the training approach most often used, especially for machine operators and among the many small firms…

Apprenticeship is described from its earliest beginnings to the present, emphasizing relationships to unions, employers, and government. Apprenticeship training in New Jersey is treated separately, covering administration (statutory authority, historical foundations, systems of county coordinators, federal ties, and funding) and current trends…

The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

Today's rural leaders are becoming increasingly attuned to the fact that high achieving schools and related human capital investment strategies are key ingredients in the promotion of sustainable development at the local level. Serious challenges often await rural areas that seek to pursue such efforts. As a case in point, if rural schools are…

Reasons underlying a low demand for vocational skills in United Kingdom industry, relative to major competitors, are investigated. Low demand leads to a low supply of skilled labor, since the rates of return to vocational training are unattractive to potential trainees. Suggestions for reform are made. (Author)

Investigates the feasibility of hiring skilled craftspeople to teach practical workshop skills in secondary-level prevocational courses in Nigeria. Presents results of a survey of 200 artisans to determine their willingness to teach full- or part-time and minimum salary requirements. Indicates that 85.6% were willing to teach. Discusses…

The history of vocational education in Canada is traced, examining prejudices against it and constitutional issues that have inhibited its development. To solve its labor problems, Canada requires a national system of vocational education that ensures that young people see it as challenging and worthwhile. (SLD)

Studies the politics of immigration in the major immigrant-receiving countries, focusing on the United States, Canada, and Australia. A strong pattern of restrictionism in the face of pressures for entry is found, coupled with exceptions, amnesties, and hesitation to enforce the law. Consequences of these inconsistencies are discussed. (SLD)

Focuses on the relationship between corporation schooling and the labor market in the early twentieth century in the United States. Follows the beginnings of corporation schools as industry began to provide its own shop training programs to develop a trained labor force. Explores labor market concerns, the effects schools had on earnings, and the…