The investigators sought to determine whether education evaluators, mainly school psychologists, complied with federal, state, and professional practice guidelines when assessing English learning (EL) school-aged children suspected of a learning disability in three northern California school districts. In accordance with the Individuals with…

This study aimed to investigate the effects of contextual predictability on orthographic and phonological activation during Chinese sentence reading by Cantonese-speaking readers using the error disruption paradigm. Participants' eye fixations and pupil sizes were recorded while they silently read Chinese sentences containing homophonic,…

The current study investigates the extent to which receptive vocabulary size test scores can predict second language (L2) speaking ability. Forty-six international students with an advanced level of L2 proficiency completed a receptive vocabulary task (Yes/No test; Meara & Miralpeix, 2017) and a spontaneous speaking task (oral picture…

This article compares and contrasts two dictionaries: "The American Heritage College Dictionary" and the "Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary." This review is written to provide English language learners -- and others -- who are taking undergraduate-level courses in linguistics, with in-depth advice on how to best support…

This report proposes a number of tasks which help learners become more aware of how their feelings are moulded in their L1 and notice crosslinguistic similarities and differences between their L1 and a target language. The proposed tasks are motivated by findings in the crosslinguistic influence literature and a study that investigated Japanese…

Explicit vocabulary learning is a burden for most of the students. But vocabulary is the basis of each language, and not all words can be acquired incidentally through context or reading. Especially for content and language integrated learning in L2 it is important to offer lots of support for learning a large number of terms in order to avoid…

The radical exemplar model resonates with work on perceptual classification and categorization highlighting the role of exemplars in memory representations. Further development of the model requires acknowledgment of both the fleeting and fragile nature of perceptual representations and the gist-based, good-enough quality of long-term memory…

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), involving teaching one or more subjects through the medium of the foreign language, is widespread in Europe, but only offered in a sprinkling of UK schools. Sustainability has been a persistent issue since the 1970s. The focus here is on England but various issues will be familiar to colleagues in…

Low participation in language learning in secondary education is a topic which continues to exercise education policy-makers in England and other anglophone contexts. One instance of an attempt to increase take-up can be found in the introduction of the EBacc, a performance measure which requires the majority of young people to study a language as…

Schmitt and Schmitt (2014) labeled the first 4000 to 9000 word families as mid-frequency words and stressed their importance based on Nation's (2006) estimate that for adequate comprehension of a variety of authentic texts, knowledge of the first 9000 word families is necessary. Subsequent to this vocabulary goal is to determine what can be read…

An internet connection has been crucial in the era of globalization to enhance human activities in various activities of economic, culture, defense, and many others, especially in the EFL classroom setting. Microsoft Teams as an innovative online learning platform provides unique features to enhance its potential to help EFL teachers to conduct…

The European Qualifications Framework (EQF) was released in 2008 by the European Parliament and the Council of Europe for Lifelong Learning purposes. Thirty-six countries that are members of or in the process of the membership to the European Union (EU) have prepared their own national qualifications framework in accordance with the EQF. In…

In recent years, it is known that the interest of foreigners in Turkey and learning Turkish has increased. The best example of this is the students who come to Turkey for education from different countries. Again, with the development of technology and the spread of internet use, dictionaries are known to change format and move from printed…

Language learning strategies (LLSs) and self-efficacy (SE) beliefs have been two important research foci in the field of English as a second (ESL) or foreign language (EFL). The present study explored the relationship between these two constructs as perceived by sixty-two EFL learners at a public Chilean university. Data were obtained by means of…

This paper of a literature review presents the construct of interactional identities as part of the study of classroom interaction in English language teaching education. The paper defines interactional identities in the field of English language teaching. By listing studies on the matter, the relationship of this construct with classroom…