Background: Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) have very low physical activity and low peak oxygen uptake (VO[subscript 2peak]), potentially explained by physiologically lower peak heart rates (HR[subscript peak]). Method: The present authors performed a retrospective analysis of a large data set of individuals with intellectual…

This study investigates the implicit sequence learning abilities of dyslexic children using an artificial grammar learning task with an extended exposure period. Twenty children with developmental dyslexia participated in the study and were matched with two control groups--one matched for age and other for reading skills. During 3 days, all…

The reliability and validity of inventories should be verified in multiple ways. Although the epistemological beliefs about the physical science survey (EBAPS) has been deemed to be reliable and valid by the authors, the axes or factor structure proposed by the authors has not been independently checked. Using data from a study sample we discussed…

Purpose: The ability to repair breakdowns in communication is an important pragmatic language skill that helps to maintain clear and meaningful interactions. Examining this ability in genetically based neurodevelopmental disabilities in which pragmatics are affected can provide important information about the precise pragmatic skills impacted…

Having a growth mindset has been shown to predict better academic performance in a variety of educational settings. Efforts to instill a growth mindset through educational interventions have demonstrated positive effects on academic success. However, many of the interventions previously tested are relatively time intensive and costly for some…

We propose a method of generating teaching policies for use in intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) for concept learning tasks [1], e.g., teaching students the meanings of words by showing images that exemplify their meanings à la Rosetta Stone [2] and Duo Lingo [3]. The approach is grounded in control theory and capitalizes on recent work by [4],…

Although much research exists on scaffolding in reading instruction, confusion about the construct persists. In this commentary inspired by a recent article in "Reading Research Quarterly," we argue for the importance of contingency--that is, responsiveness to student thinking--in reading comprehension scaffolding. We begin by defining…

Most studies predicting college performance from high-school grade point average (HSGPA) and college admissions test scores use single-level regression models that conflate relationships within and between high schools. Because grading standards vary among high schools, these relationships are likely to differ within and between schools. We used…

The goal of this cross-cultural study was to analyze and compare the cybervictimization and cyberaggression scores, and the problematic Internet use between Spain, Colombia and Uruguay. Despite cultural similarities between the Spanish and the South American contexts, there are few empirical studies that have comparatively examined this issue. The…

Background: Promoting good sportsmanship is a common goal of school physical education and many youth sport organizations. Teachers and coaches play a key role in accomplishing this goal. Thus, it is important to gather teachers' and coaches' reports of how they teach sportsmanship as well as youths' perceptions of those behaviors to understand if…

The aim of the present study was to elucidate Mexicans teachers' attitudes toward school inclusion and disability. To achieve this goal, 119 regular education and 88 special education teachers answered The Opinions Relative to Integration of Students with Disabilities scale. Subsequent analyses revealed that attitudes to both groups were similar…

Based on the dynamic and emerging nature of language aptitude, the paper reports an empirical study investigating the relationship between multilingual learning experiences and language aptitude through comparative analyses of language aptitude between second language (L2) and third language (L3) learners. Eighty-seven Chinese students who majored…

Mobile devices (MDs) change the way of teaching and learning. However, not every student can appreciate the value of MDs. Thus, it is necessary to consider individual differences. Among various individual differences, cognitive styles particularly affect student learning because they refer to individuals' information processing habits. In this…

In Ireland, dyslexic students can apply for reasonable accommodations in Leaving Certificate examinations. One such accommodation is the Spelling and Grammar Waiver (SGW). Questions have been raised regarding its validity, and it has been suggested that it gives an unfair advantage. Mock Leaving Certificate English paper scripts were collected…

In left-to-right writing cultures, spontaneous mirror writing of letters and digits in preliterate children appears more frequently on left-than right-facing characters. A compelling theory drawn on neuropsychological evidence of mirror generalization suggests that children resort to a right-orienting/writing rule when learning to write. The aim…