ALTHOUGH THE LINGUISTS, PSYCHOLOGISTS, AND TEACHERS WHO HAVE STRESSED THE HABITUAL ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE HAVE MADE MANY USEFUL CONTRIBUTIONS TO LINGUISTIC RESEARCH AND LANGUAGE TEACHING, THERE STILL REMAIN SOME BASIC PROBLEMS. WITH THE PSYCHOLOGIST, PEDAGOGUE, SOCIOLOGIST, AND ANTHROPOLOGIST, THE LINGUIST MUST ATTACK THE GROUP OF PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED…

TWO PAPERS ARE INCLUDED IN THIS BULLETIN. THE MILTON SCHWARTZ PAPER, "THEORIES OF MOTIVATION AND THEIR APPLICATION TO ADULT EDUCATION," SURVEYS THE THINKING, RESEARCH, AND CONCLUSIONS OF SOME OF THE LEADING FIGURES CONCERNED WITH SOCIAL MOTIVATION. THE AUTHOR ATTEMPTS TO CLASSIFY THESE THEORIES BY GENERATING A TWO-DIMENSIONAL SCHEMA OF…

AN INVESTIGATION WAS UNDERTAKEN TO DETERMINE HOW THE RESPONSE FROM JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WAS AFFECTED BY THEIR EXPOSURE TO MOTION PICTURE VERSIONS OF SHORT STORIES. THE RESEARCH WAS DIRECTED TOWARD DETERMINING WHETHER FILMS CAN BE USED TO ENHANCE THE TEACHING OF LITERATURE. THREE HYPOTHESES WERE TESTED--(1) STUDENTS WHO VIEW A FILM VERSION…

A study examined the reasons for and the timing of adult learning. A national sample of almost 2000 American age 25 or older were interviewed face-to-face or by telephone. Questions examined the causes and timing of adult learning and the procedures used by adults to meet their learning objectives. Examination of the characteristics of learners…

Advantages of normalization regression estimation over ridge regression estimation are demonstrated by reference to Bloom's model of school learning. Theoretical concern centered on the structure of scholastic achievement at grade 10 in Canadian high schools. Data on 886 students were randomly sampled from the Carnegie Human Resources Data Bank.…

Four studies were conducted to determine the effect of motivational characteristics on the English achievement of French-speaking Canadians. An attitude/motivation battery covering 38 variables was administered to 304 secondary school students in Montreal. A factor analysis was performed which reveals four dimensions: integrative motive,…

A rating scale was developed that could be used to test Raynor's construct of perceived instrumentality--that the perceived importance of a particular achievement (such as a good grade) to the student's future (career) influences the student's efforts to achieve the goal. The scale was developed to study the perceived importance of learning French…

This annotated bibliography dealing with adult learning characteristics contains 82 indexed and abstracted entries arranged under the following headings: (1) Mental and Perceptual Abilities, (2) Personality and Social Role Factors, and (3) General Bibliographies. Intelligence, intelligence tests, memory and retention, adult development, older…

To provide information, examples, and ideas for teachers involved in Manpower Development Training programs, this handbook discusses many important aspects of such programs; basic philosophy, basic remedial education, the learning process, individual variations, classroom environment, course outline, lesson plans, the first and second weeks of…

A questionnaire to study company education programs was devised and sent to Florida companies employing at least 200 people. Training programs were conducted in 55% of the firms, with an additional 12% expecting to develop such programs within three years. Training directors were employed in more than half of the firms but they were more often…

This paper describes an educational program for 28 adolescent delinquents at a training school for boys. All of the students had histories of educational failure. Individualized programed instruction and a system of extrinsic learning reinforcements were the experimental basis of the program. Points, exchangeable for money, were given to the…

Despite the support for the proposition that learning is enhanced by the reinforcement of correct responses, there remain learners who continue to fail when contingent reinforcement is administered, even though they may have the ability and be motivated to succeed. This condition, known as learned helplessness, presents a problem for instructional…

The State guide provides rehabilitation personnel with guidelines for structuring and implementing adjustment programs to prepare clients to become more adequately functioning community members. Part 1 discusses objectives, general techniques, and learning/motivation principles. Appropriate techniques include: individual counseling, group…

The paper presents a comprehensive summary of recent research on attitudes in foreign language instruction, discusses it in the light of four functions generally thought of as being characteristic of attitudes, and comments on the usefulness of the attitude concept in foreign language education. Research on attitudes is presented on several…

A teacher must confront the issue of whether or not he should disclose his beliefs, and if so, to what extent. Disclosure can easily become advocacy. A review of the literature reveals that self-disclosure quickens learning, but the literature is divided on whether a religion teacher in tax-supported schools should advocate personal teacher…