Preferential-looking studies suggest that by 2 months of age, infants may have knowledge about some object properties, such as solidity. Manual search studies of toddlers examining these same concepts, however, have failed to provide evidence for the same understanding. Investigators have recently attempted to reconcile this disparity but failed…

Relational complexity (RC) theory conceptualizes an individual's processing capacity and a task's complexity along a common ordinal metric. The authors describe the development of the Latin Square Task (LST) that assesses the influence of RC on reasoning. The LST minimizes the role of knowledge and storage capacity and thus refines the…

This article examines recent literature related to the diagnosis of Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) in childhood. First, the article discusses diagnostic criteria presented in the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Next, it explores the diagnostic procedures for AD/HD…

F. Samejima (1973) proposed a continuous response model in which item response is on a continuous scale rather than some discrete levels. This model has potential because in many psychological and educational assessments, the responses are on a conceptual continuum rather than on some fixed levels. As a first step toward studying the applicability…

An overview of the history of adolescent runaway behavior indicates that it has become a social and psychological problem of significant proportions. This study investigated the use of a personality measure that was hypothesized to be representative of a cluster of behaviors associated with running away. The study also sought to determine a…

A variant of the Peterson (1959) paradigm was used to investigate retrieval of single pairs of items varying in imagery value. Latency to respond showed that if one item was concrete, no differential retrieval speeds were found. This result supports an organizational view of imagery. (CHK)

This study examined the dependence of 500 inpatient diagnoses on the results of standard psychological assessment procedures. (Author)

Differences in proportion of Negroes versus Caucasians receiving schizophrenic, alcoholic, and depressive psychiatric diagnoses were found. No significant race-related main effects were found on the nine Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) clinical scales. Results are discussed in terms of education having an inculturating effect on…

Psychological testing has played a major role in the American Psychological Association (APA) because testing and assessment are important aspects of what psychologists do; tests assist psychologists in diagnosis and treatment. From its earliest years, APA has had one or more committees concerned with testing. The present Committee on…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the construct validity of the Occupational scales on the Strong Vocational Interest Blank. Five personality factors derived from the California Psychological Inventory were correlated with each of the Occupational scales. The significant relationships were consistent with Holland's personality theory of…