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Yuan, Boping; Zhao, Yang – International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching (IRAL), 2005
While resumptive pronouns (RPs) are generally not allowed in English relative clauses, Chinese allows the use of RPs in indirect object position and genitive position but not in subject and direct object positions. Arabic languages allow RPs in direct object position as well as in indirect object position and genitive position, although not in…
Descriptors: Form Classes (Languages), Interlanguage, Second Language Learning, Second Languages
Takahashi, Satomi – Applied Linguistics, 2005
Previous research on interlanguage pragmatics revealed that, under implicit pragmatic instruction, some learners noticed the target pragmalinguistic features, whereas others receiving the same instruction did not. This suggests possible effects of individual difference (ID) variables on learners' noticing of pragmalinguistic features. Among the ID…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, Measures (Individuals), Individual Differences, Pragmatics
Ohta, Amy Snyder – System: An International Journal of Educational Technology and Applied Linguistics, 2005
Vygotsky's zone of proximal development (ZPD) has been fruitfully applied in L2 research that examines second and foreign language learning. This paper considers the applicability of the ZPD to interlanguage pragmatics instruction and research. First, the ZPD is defined [Vygotsky, L.S., 1978. Mind in Society: The Development of Higher…
Descriptors: Intervention, Second Languages, Second Language Learning, Interaction
Sims, William R. – MinneTESOL Journal, 1989
In interlanguage, the transitional state reaching from one's native language to a given target language, phonological, morphological, syntactic, lexical, sociocultural, or psycholinguistic errors may be generated and systematized by the process of fossilization. Depending on the amount of time needed for remediation, fossilized features may be…
Descriptors: Classroom Techniques, English (Second Language), Error Patterns, Interlanguage
Shlesinger, Miriam – 1991
A study conducted as part of a year-long Hebrew-English translation workshop in Israel focused on the development of students' ability to deal with cases in which the unmarked equivalent of a source-language string was a single lexical item. Subjects were 8 native English-speaking students, 8 native Hebrew-speaking students, and 12 professional…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Hebrew, Instructional Effectiveness
Laing, Neville – 1985
A variety of games for beginning second language learners are described. The games are designed to develop the student's confidence in communicating in the target language and to help establish his interlanguage. They include: a bilingual guessing game, to be played by a learner and a native speaker; a game to match words, pictures, and…
Descriptors: Class Activities, Communication Skills, Educational Games, Games
Sjoholm, Kaj – 1983
The concept of second language (L2) learning strategies fits well into the theoretical framework of interlanguage. In interlanguage, learning is not defined exclusively with reference to the target language norm, and the use of native language transfer strategies, among other things, is seen as a natural step in the progression toward the target…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Interlanguage, Language Processing, Learning Strategies

Birdsong, David; And Others – 1984
Three studies comparing the respective roles of interlanguage universals and natural language transfer in determining learners' judgments of grammaticality used college students of French in their second, third, and fourth semesters as subjects. In the first experiment, the subjects were exposed to both grammatical and four types of ungrammatical…
Descriptors: College Students, Comparative Analysis, French, Interlanguage
Winitz, Harris; And Others – 1985
In the comprehension approach to second language instruction, the major procedure is to provide students with comprehensible input, which it is the students' responsibility to understand. The aim is to encourage nucleation of the target language, that is the crystallization of the rule system. Teaching procedures focus on strategies for implicit…
Descriptors: Classroom Techniques, Educational Quality, German, Intensive Language Courses
Palmberg, Rolf – Language Centre News, 1977
This paper attempts a brief account of recent trends in interlanguage studies. Interlanguage may be defined as a separate linguistic system which results from a learner's attempted production of a target language norm. According to the recreation hypothesis, this is a dynamic system of increasing complexity, whereas, according to the restructuring…
Descriptors: Contrastive Linguistics, Creoles, Error Analysis (Language), Interlanguage

Jenner, Bryan R. A. – Interlanguage Studies Bulletin, 1976
Error analysis has consistently neglected to give any treatment of the phonological aspects of non-native linguistic performance. Using Selinker's Interlanguage model as a starting-point, an attempt is made here to develop a descriptive apparatus capable of accounting for the phenomena of "foreign accents." The data of one such…
Descriptors: Dutch, English (Second Language), Error Analysis (Language), Interference (Language)
Zeilinger, Michael – Monda Lingvo-Problemo, 1972
Various computer applications in linguistics, primarily speech synthesis and machine translation, are reviewed. Although the computer proves useful for statistics, dictionary building and programmed instruction, the promulgation of a world auxiliary language is considered a more human and practical solution to the international communication…
Descriptors: Acoustic Phonetics, Artificial Languages, Artificial Speech, Communication Problems
Eckman, Fred R. – 1981
Two questions are raised: Is it possible to characterize the notion human language in terms of absolute and typological universals? And if so, what is the relationship between these universals and those formulated for primary languages? Given these questions, the purpose of the paper is to: (1) investigate some of the methodological considerations…
Descriptors: Consonants, English (Second Language), Interlanguage, Japanese
Stauble, Ann-Marie; Larsen-Freeman, Diane – 1978
This study presents a formal device which can be used to display interlanguage variability while revealing its overall systematicity. Two types of variability are recognized: (1) production of a number of variant structures for a single target language structure at one point in time; and (2) variation over time that is attributable to the…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Grammar, Interlanguage, Language Processing

Frith, May B. – International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 1975
The interlanguage hypothesis, as it accounts for some of the problems and complexities inherent in second language learning, is described. This approach is compared with the strong version of the contrastive analysis hypothesis. Strengths and weaknesses of the interlanguage hypothesis are examined. (Author/RM)
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics, Error Patterns, Interference (Language)