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Knight, Kelly R.; Purcell, David; Dawson-Rose, Carol; Halkitis, Perry N.; Gomez, Cynthia A. – AIDS Education and Prevention, 2005
HIV-positive injection drug users (IDUs) (N = 161) were recruited to complete a qualitative interview and a quantitative survey about sexual behavior and transmission risk. We identified two contexts in which exposure encounters occurred most commonly for HIV-positive IDUs: in intimate serodiscordant relationships and in the drug/sex economy.…
Descriptors: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Drug Use, Intimacy
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Gasiorowicz, Mari; Llanas, Michelle R.; DiFranceisco, Wayne; Benotsch, Eric G.; Brondino, Michael J.; Catz, Sheryl L.; Hoxie, Neil J.; Reiser, William J.; Vergeront, James M. – AIDS Education and Prevention, 2005
Prevention case management (PCM) for HIV-infected persons is an HIV risk reduction intervention designed to assist clients who are aware of their HIV infection and who continue to engage in risk transmission behaviors. PCM combines individual risk reduction counseling with case management to address the psychosocial factors affecting HIV…
Descriptors: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Prevention, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Demonstration Programs
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Cardinal, Bradley J.; Kosma, Maria – Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2004
The majority of physical activity initiatives have been directed toward promoting cardiorespiratory fitness and general health. Far less attention has been devoted to encouraging or understanding muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine if constructs from the Transtheoretical Model, a contemporary behavior…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Behavior Modification, Self Efficacy, Physical Activities
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Sanabria, Roberto – Convergence, 2004
Chicago's Puerto Rican community in West Town had a unique reaction to the spread of AIDS within its limits. They created their own institutions and tackled the epidemic themselves. In its infancy, Vida/SIDA, which translates as Life/AIDS, was solely an alternative health clinic for people with AIDS. Free of charge, it provided services such as…
Descriptors: Puerto Ricans, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Urban Areas, Hispanic Americans
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Boslaugh, Sarah E.; Kreuter, Matthew W.; Nicholson, Robert A.; Naleid, Kimberly – Health Education Research, 2005
The goal of audience segmentation is to identify population subgroups that are homogeneous with respect to certain variables associated with a given outcome or behavior. When such groups are identified and understood, targeted intervention strategies can be developed to address their unique characteristics and needs. This study compares the…
Descriptors: Audience Awareness, Intervention, Physical Activities, Public Health
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Trinidad, D. R.; Gilpin, E. A.; Pierce, J. P. – Health Education Research, 2005
Our objective was to examine factors associated with compliance and support for a smoke-free campus before and after a 1995 campus-wide smoking ban for everyone, including teachers and visitors, in California. Adolescent (12-17 years) data from the 1993, 1996, 1999 and 2002 (N approximately 6000 each year) California Tobacco Surveys…
Descriptors: Public Schools, Private Schools, Free Schools, Smoking
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Curran, Sarah; Gittelsohn, Joel; Anliker, Jean; Ethelbah, Becky; Blake, Kelly; Sharma, Sangita; Caballero, Benjamin – Health Education Research, 2005
Obesity and other diet-related chronic diseases are widespread in American Indian communities. Inadequate access to healthy food on many reservations has led to a high-fat, high-sugar diet. The purpose of this paper is to report on the results of the process evaluation of a food store-based program to improve diet on two American Indian…
Descriptors: Obesity, Intervention, Formative Evaluation, American Indians
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Brook, Judith S.; Brook, David W.; Zhang, Chenshu; Cohen, Patricia – Journal of Genetic Psychology, 2004
In this prospective longitudinal study, the authors investigated the association between lifetime tobacco use and subsequent health problems by age 30. The authors interviewed a community group of 749 participants from upstate New York at mean ages of 14, 16, 22, and 27 years. Daily tobacco use during any of the time periods, as well as the number…
Descriptors: Smoking, Prevention, Age Differences, Young Adults
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Rodgers, Carie S.; Lang, Ariel J.; Laffaye, Charlene; Satz, Leslie E.; Dresselhaus, Timothy R.; Stein, Murray B. – Child Abuse & Neglect: The International Journal, 2004
Objective: This study examines the unique contribution of five types of maltreatment (sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect) to adult health behaviors as well as the additive impact of exposure to different types of childhood maltreatment. Method: Two hundred and twenty-one women recruited from a VA…
Descriptors: Questionnaires, Sexual Abuse, Sexuality, Health Behavior
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Engels, Rutger C. M. E.; Vitaro, Frank; Blokland, Endy Den Exter; de Kemp, Raymond; Scholte, Ron H. J. – Journal of Adolescence, 2004
Concerning the role of parental smoking on development of adolescent smoking, most studies have exclusively focused on the direct effects of parents' smoking on youths' smoking. However, parental smoking may also play an indirect role by affecting youths' susceptibility to peer influences and by affecting friendship selection. Data were from a…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Friendship, Smoking, Peer Influence
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Vandewater, Elizabeth A.; Shim, Mi-suk; Caplovitz, Allison G. – Journal of Adolescence, 2004
This study examined the links between childhood obesity, activity participation and television and video game use in a nationally representative sample of children (N=2831) ages 1-12 using age-normed body mass index (BMI) ratings. Results indicated that while television use was not related to children's weight status, video game use was. Children…
Descriptors: Obesity, Video Games, Childrens Television, Participation
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Omori, Mika; Ingersoll, Gary M. – Journal of Adolescence, 2005
Adolescents' health-endangering behaviours receive attention because they are presumed to threaten the health of individuals in either the short or long term. The present study examined the role of psychosocial determinants on adolescents' health-endangering behaviours using elements of a biopsychosocial model proposed by Irwin and Millstein…
Descriptors: Health Behavior, Foreign Countries, College Students, At Risk Persons
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Oxford, Monica L.; Gilchrist, Lewayne D.; Lohr, Mary Jane; Gillmore, Mary Rogers; Morrison, Diane M.; Spieker, Susan J. – Journal of Research on Adolescence, 2005
Longitudinal data were used to examine pathways taken by 227 adolescent mothers during the transition from adolescence into adulthood. Latent profile analysis identified three sub-groups of adolescent mothers from 6 months to 6 years postpartum: a "problem-prone" profile (15%), a "psychologically vulnerable" profile (42%), and a "normative"…
Descriptors: Profiles, Mothers, Adolescents, Psychological Patterns
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Tyc, Vida L.; Nuttbrock-Allen, Deanna; Klosky, James L.; Ey, Sydney – Health Education Journal, 2004
Objective: This study examines the relation between cognitive-motivational variables and self-reported health behaviours among adolescents. Design: Cross-sectional survey of adolescents via questionnaires delivered in classrooms. Setting: One large junior high school and two senior high schools located in the Memphis area. Method: Data from 257…
Descriptors: High Schools, Health Promotion, Health Behavior, Health Education
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West, Delia Smith; Greene, Paul; Pulley, LeaVonne; Kratt, Polly; Gore, Stacy; Weiss, Heidi; Siegfried, Nicole – Health Education & Behavior, 2004
Few studies have investigated community clinic-based interventions to promote mammography screening among rural African American women. This study randomized older low-income rural African American women who had not participated in screening in the previous 2 years to a theory-based, personalized letter or usual care; no group differences in…
Descriptors: Low Income, Females, Public Health, Clinics
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