The effectiveness of positive and negative evaluative comments for children's learning was assessed in a two-choice discrimination task. Results indicate that negative comments after incorrect responses greatly facilitated learning while positive comments after correct responses had little effect. To explain the findings, a naturalistic analysis…

In a cognitive-developmental analysis of achievement and moral judgments, 300 black and white subjects aged 4-18 made moral and achievement evaluative judgments in sixteen situations. The situations differed according to the intent (effort) and ability of the person being judged, and in the objective consequences of the behavior. Analysis of…

The Mother-Child Home Program was designed to modify the early cognitive experience of preschool disadvantaged children by "intervening" with a series of verbal stimulation activities planned to raise the child's measured IQ. Intervention was timed to occur with early speech development and within the context of family relationships. The…

The goal of this position paper is to present considerations and alternatives for healthy life directions which can be made available through education to the Native American to enable him to go beyond the present narrow choices of either total assimilation within the white value system or remaining isolated on the reservation. The 3 purposes of…

On looking back at Head Start and other early childhood program plans, it is felt that several false assumptions have been made, the most obvious being the idea that poor children are understimulated; another is that poor children can be stereotyped, although there are relationships between poverty and health problems and language development. The…

The responsibility of organized medicine in the area of continuing education was the focus of this conference. Papers presented at the conference and summaries of workshop discussion groups comprise this document. The papers are: The Purpose of the Conference; Maintenance of Physician Competence; Motivation for Continuing Medical Education; Peer…

RESEARCH WAS CONDUCTED TO CONTRAST THE EFFECTS OF TWO TYPES OF TEACHERS, LIKED AND DISLIKED, ON THE LEARNING BEHAVIOR OF THEIR STUDENTS. TEACHERS PRESENTED MESSAGES BY FILM, BY TAPE, AND IN PERSON IN EXPERIMENTAL CLASSROOMS TO STUDENTS FITTED WITH FINGER ELECTRODES. CHANGES IN ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE WERE RECORDED OF GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSES.…

This paper explores the questions of how and why children learn names for things. The acquisition of reference is set within a broader discussion of linguistic representation, which defines language as a system functioning in a three-way relationship among the individual language user, the world of experience, and the social community. It is…

The article explains the importance of seeing education as a process of continuous learning, both for the benefit of the older adult and for the benefit of society, which needs people capable of learning new information throughout their lives. (CD)

Describes some of the instructional methods tried, the problems encountered, and the philosophies involved concerning individualized instruction in a community college. The two semester introductory biology course emphasizes the open laboratroy concept, with individualized instructional modules prepared for laboratory experiments. (HM)

Discusses ways of increasing the interest level of graduate students in the historical foundations of education. Suggests that students be trained in historiography, experiential learning, and the philosophy of history. (DB)

A third study on variables differentiating persisters from dropouts from French study was conducted to determine whether motivation mediates the influence of attitude on persistence. Learning motivation was found to be the most important determinant of persistence in second-language study. Study variables and the previous research are discussed.…

Described is an experiment in motivating students of a freshmen composition class by employing some of the following techniques: a minimum of lecturing, small group discussions fostering cooperation rather than competition, student participation in choice of topics and activities, a minimum of coercion, and elimination of grades. (JMD)

Examines the values of using a language-experience approach for teaching written composition. Urges teachers to use a variety of stimuli, such as field trips, exploring the environment, films, filmstrips, recordings, to extend and expand the child's experience and language backgrounds to facilitate growth in reading and writing. (Editor/RK)

Description of a French course whose objective was to teach students the four skills as effectively and agreeably as possible. Topics covered are: general description of the materials, students and facilities; teacher preparation; detailed lesson plan of an article from "Quoi de Neuf". (Text is in French.) (AMH)