Interviewed 505 undereducated older adults, 95 nutrition site directors, and 83 adult basic education teachers about the older adults' educational needs. Results showed the older adults preferred health-related educational experiences. Found a disparity between the expressed needs of older adults and the perceptions of those who work with them.…

Examined factors that influenced the concordant perceptions of 28 distressed and 28 nondistressed husbands and wives and trained coders who observed samples of their own and another couple's problem solving. Correlational analyses suggested greater insider-outsider perceptual agreement for distressed than nondistressed couples and for negative…

Examines the degree of compatibility between the personalities of 22 self-reported child abusers and the target child singled out for abuse in the family. Results showed abusing parents tended to be rigid while their children were more often coded as artistic. Results confirmed Holland's theory of personality. (JAC)

Compared the 40 "best" (most congruent with values) and 40 "worst" decision makers on the Career Decision Simulation. The "best" decision makers were significantly more persistent in immediately seeking information about an occupation that seemed to match one of their most important personal work values. (Author)

Surveyed teachers, school board members, superintendents, and elementary school principals to determine if there is congruence in their perceptions of the normative role of the principal. Results differed from Foskett's (1967) study in concluding that elementary school principals and the other groups perceive principals more as administrators than…

Examined differences in values and decisions among 595 male and female business students in a management course. Results showed both groups exhibited value patterns generally comparable to managers, with some significant sex differences. Place in a simulated managerial decision-making situation, women and men made decisions more similar than…

Investigated whether a counselor who was mirror imaging a congruent arm and leg position of a client would significantly increase the client's perception of the counselor's empathy. Adolescents (N=80) met individually with a counselor. Results showed clients rated the counselor as having greater empathy in the congruent condition. (Author/JAC)

Investigated subjects' conceptions of counselor characteristics and behaviors, and their subsequent perceptions following videotaped samples of counseling interactions. Results indicated that while subjects' perceptions of counselor characteristics were largely congruent, subjects' conceptions of counselor behaviors were much lower than their…

Formulated hypotheses about relationship between two major dimensions of defensiveness: hostility and constriction. Examined defensive and elaborative responses reported by participants in sensitivity training groups. Results showed that individuals reporting defensive responses during human relations training laboratory were experiencing some…

Administered Rokeach Value Survey to measure the value differences and value stability of 148 15- to 18-year-old adolescents. Examined the differences between adolescents who suffered from conduct-disorder, anxiety-withdrawal and those not suffering from a disorder. Results suggest that all three groups of adolescents share values and the…

A definition of "generic goal" is introduced, and the major generic goals of the principal participants in the higher education process are discussed. Sources of goal differences observed among participants are explored and a number of observations are offered as to when goals will coincide and when they will conflict. (Author/MLW)

Data from 129 rural adolescents ranked as minimal, moderate, or substantial risk showed the following: substantially at-risk males had lower aspirations than similar females, females had higher occupational expectation and aspiration, 50% expected occupations significantly lower in prestige than aspired careers; and aspiration and expectation of…

Examined preferences of 242 American Indian secondary school students for counselor age, sex, educational level, attitudes and values, personality, and ethnicity, across personal and academic problem types, and through assessment of cultural involvement. Found primary preference for talking with American Indian counselor, although this was true…

Investigated ways in which clinicians (n=27) and parasuicidal student-patients (n=52) perceive several theoretical dimensions related to suicide: psychological pain, external pressures/stressors, agitation/emotional upsetness, self-regard, and hopelessness. Data suggest that clinicians and patients independently perceived most of these dimensions…

Describes the use of solution-focused interviewing as a way to engage mandated clients. A conversation with a court-ordered client is presented and analyzed to demonstrate how practitioners can begin co-construction of cooperation with mandated clients. Ethical implications of this noncoercive, nonconfrontational approach are addressed, along with…