Reviews research showing comorbidity of externalizing, internalizing, and attention problems. Reports high comorbidity rates for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnoses of conduct disorders with oppositional, affective, anxiety, and attention deficit disorders and for paired combinations of Child Behavior Checklist and…

Notes that Morrish's book reviews popular discipline practices, three building blocks of discipline, and methods for teaching children that rights and freedoms must be governed by reason, respect, and responsibility. Asserts that the book's examples span the home and school environments and that the book emphasizes proactive and preventive…

Compared psychological adjustment of adopted adolescents and their siblings born to adoptive parents. Found poorer adoptee adjustment in areas of delinquency, licit drug use, and school adjustment. Nonclinically referred adopted boys were better adjusted than norm subjects on withdrawal; nonreferred adopted girls were better adjusted on social…

South Korean mothers' reactions to preschoolers' aggression and social withdrawal were examined within a cultural framework. With recent social, political, and cultural changes in South Korea, there appears to be a conflict between traditional values and the Confucian heritage on one hand, and Western influence on the other. Mothers (N=81) of…

The mutual best friendships of shy/withdrawn and control children were examined for prevalence, stability, best friend's characteristics, and friendship quality. Using peer nominations of shy/socially withdrawn and aggressive behaviors, two groups of children were identified from a normative sample of fifth-grade children: shy/withdrawn (n = 169)…

This study was conducted to develop a scale that assesses perceptions of self-efficacy in potentially stressful situations for chemically dependent adolescents. Adolescent subjects (N=100) currently receiving treatment for chemical dependency were given a 20-situation questionnaire, the Adolescent Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES). Students were…

Social inadequacy and lack of social cooperation is one of the defining characteristics of mental deficiency, yet there have been comparatively few investigations into how such children respond to each other. Of even greater significance is the finding that among the reported studies investigating social cooperation between mentally deficient…

A group of nine elementary school children, each referred originally by his/her teacher due to low levels of peer interaction in free-play situations at school, participated in a study designed to assess the effects of treatment "booster shots" on the maintenance of social behavior. Five of the children had been treated previously for social…

In order to place research on social anxiety in proper perspective, the factors actually measured by social anxiety scales must be examined. Five social anxiety scales and four personality questionnaires were administered to college undergraduates (N=78). Factor analyses of the data revealed two distinct factors. The first factor, to which…

Children with infantile autism display characteristics and behaviors that severely limit their growth and functioning on many levels. Research is reviewed in which principles of operant conditioning are implemented in procedures designed to investigate and/or modify the autistic child's behavior in the following areas: (a) social interaction, (b)…

The effects of (1) opportunity to interact with classmates; (2) positive goal interdependence; (3) positive goal and reward interdependence; and (4) positive goal and reward interdependence with an added contingency for the use of collaborative skills were investigated. Results indicate that positive goal and reward interdependence are needed to…

Explores, in two independent replications one year apart, the possiblility that (a) the actions of three-year-old children are guided and accompanied by self-evaluations and withdrawal, (b) that self-evaluations and withdrawal have a motivational function for persistence, and (c) that they are influenced by the mother's behavior when interacting…

Delineates the various dimensions of disengagement that have been suggested in the gerontological literature and tests hypotheses derived from three competing theoretical perspectives of aging: role, activity, and disengagement. None of the theoretical models successfully explained the relationships analyzed using a sample of rural elderly…

Differentiates behaviors of peer-rejected and peer-neglected children at the early childhood level. Offers suggestions for teaching alternative behaviors to aggressive or withdrawn children, direct entry behaviors, positive responses to peers' initiation, verbal assertiveness, engagement in complex pretend play, and ways to show positive affection…

A structured coaching strategy was effectively used with three day-care teachers, resulting in (1) substantial increases in delivery of behavioral support of social interactions of children with developmental disabilities; and (2) marked increases in positive interactions of socially withdrawn children. Long-term maintenance effects were also…