The initiation of a national examination system in the People's Republic of China has had a marked impact upon educational policies. An historical overview of the Chinese educational system, the nature of the national examination, and implications of curricular change are used to support the assumption that curricular change can have profound…

Examines whether poor Blacks in cities with Black mayors are better off than those in cities with White mayors. Suggests that the election of Black mayors has not positively affected the lives of poor, inner city Blacks, but emphasizes the need for research to draw more reliable conclusions. (Author/MJL)

The law is seen as the single most powerful social force preserving and legitimating the prevailing distribution of power in U.S. society. Questions of social justice ought not to be irrelevant or peripheral to the study of law. Meaningful and enduring change in legal education is seen as illusory. (MLW)

Outlines the objectives of the National Science Foundation's Science Faculty Professional Development (SFPD), its history, and speculates about its future. (Author/SK)

Two important and far-reaching decisions by the Australian Commonwealth Government with regard to its future policies on education are discussed. The future of Commonwealth involvement in education, funding for tertiary education, the introduction of tuition fees in universities, and the rationalization of single-purpose teacher education are…

Examines roles played by men and women in the French family from well before 1760 to the present. The author shows how changes in the mentalities of family and gender reflect changes in the other structures--social, political, economic, technological--without being mere ideological replicas of them. (RM)

Recounts experiences of an American teacher in Afghanistan from 1973-1975. Topics discussed include culture shock, adjustment to a foreign culture, Afghan history and culture, archaeological ruins, Islamic culture, economic and educational development, and Afghanistan's role in the modern world. (DB)

Human resources internal to the college or university (presidents and development staff) and external (trustees, volunteers, parents, alumni, political figures) can be indispensible in making personal contacts and impressions for fund-raising. Written materials and followup procedures are also important fund-raising elements. (MSE)

Demography, economics, concentrated decision making, and politicization, will constitute the future policymaking environment for education. In addition, these conditions are likely to have a direct effect upon educators themselves; they will provoke higher levels of conflict within and among education organizations. (Author/BW)

Right-wing conservatives and religious groups have mobilized grass roots support for a campaign to eradicate sex education from schools. To meet the challenge posed by these groups, the nature of this opposition and what they are saying, must be understood. (FG)

Diplomacy and political sophistication are as important as sound data and thorough review in the faculty layoff process. Distinguishing characteristics of institutions and departments affected by retrenchment and reasons for retrenchment are discussed, along with institutional research policies needed regarding release of data. (Author/LB)

After arguing that the burdens of environmental policy are carried by the middle and lower classes in the United States, this paper discusses three more socially equitable approaches to dealing with environmental problems. (EB)

This comparison of antipoverty strategies in Britain (Urban Programme) and the United States (War on Poverty) highlights their similar conceptions of the nature of the problem, differences in approach and implementation, and the contrasting political cultures of American community activism and British socialism. (SK)

A number of ways in which evaluations may be biased are illustrated: (1) policy and political purposes for evaluations; (2) sources of policy or political bias prior to evaluation activities; (3) limitations and biases within the evaluation itself; and (4) utilization of evaluation information in the policy process. (Author/GK)

The example of the Republic of Ireland has been used to illustrate the argument that policies and ideologies operating in and transforming institutions at the nation-state level cannot be understood solely by reference to forces confined within nation-state boundaries. (Author/KC)