This study represented dimensions from the diffusion of innovations theory and the community of inquiry model to explore the adoption of web-conferencing. It used logistic regression to model the likelihood of adopting web-conferencing in online teaching with data collected from 66 college online instructors. In the logistic regression analyses,…

This research aimed to generate a learning trajectory in an introduction to early mathematics, precisely to measure learning using educational games and Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) and to describe young children's curiosity in learning early mathematics. Children need to have an understanding to take a measurement and use a learning…

There is a growing interest in conducting research in educational mathematics in the area of the didactics of probability, where the main difficulties that students have in understanding the concepts related to statistical inference have been revealed. For this research, the concept of the empirical rule and a practical application created by…

By exploring demographic data on teachers through a Bordieusian lens, this study aims to analyse the socio-economic background of primary school teachers in northern Sweden depending on gender and type. The rural area under study follows a national development where the number of primarily female teachers and junior school teachers increased…

This mixed research aims to design and implement the Web Application on Bayes' Theorem (WABT) in the Statistical Instrumentation for Business subject. WABT presents the procedure to calculate the probability of Bayes' Theorem through the simulation of data about the supply of products. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), machine learning and data…

This article presents the results of a study aimed at examining how primary school teachers' attitudes towards probability and its teaching are influenced by their use of an interactive story focused on sparking interest in probability and providing opportunities for learning this mathematical topic. A scale of attitudes towards probability and…

We investigate the level of understanding of probability as related to games and gambling, and the concept of independence of events using a convenience sample of college undergraduates taking an introductory course in applied business statistics. We examined the students' perception of the role of skill in winning at four different games through…

The present study aims to examine gender differential item functioning (DIF) in the reading comprehension section of a high stakes test using cognitive diagnosis models. Based on the multiple-group generalized deterministic, noisy "and" gate (MG G-DINA) model, the Wald test and likelihood ratio test are used to detect DIF. The flagged…

Bayesian knowledge tracing model (BKT) is a typical student knowledge assessment method. It is widely used in intelligent tutoring systems. In the standard BKT model, all knowledge and skills are independent of each other. However, in the process of student learning, they have a very close relation. A student may understand knowledge B better when…

We investigate the reliability of data from the Wage Indicator (WI), the largest online survey on earnings and working conditions. Comparing WI to nationally representative data sources for 17 countries reveals that participants of WI are not likely to have been representatively drawn from the respective populations. Previous literature has…

Probability is generally considered one of the most challenging areas to teach in mathematics education due to its intricate nature. However, the simulation-based teaching method can increase students' accessibility significantly to the probability problems because it enables students to resolve the problems with minimal mathematical skills. By…

In educational contexts, students often self-select into specific interventions (e.g., courses, majors, extracurricular programming). When students self-select into an intervention, systematic group differences may impact the validity of inferences made regarding the effect of the intervention. Propensity score methods are commonly used to reduce…

The contrary of stochastic independence splits up into two cases: pairs of events being favourable or being unfavourable. Examples show that both notions have quite unexpected properties, some of them being opposite to intuition. For example, transitivity does not hold. Stochastic dependence is also useful to explain cases of Simpson's paradox.

Human reasoning about and with uncertainty is often at odds with the principles of classical probability. Order effects, conjunction biases, and sure-thing inclinations suggest that an entirely different set of probability axioms could be developed and indeed may be needed to describe such habits. Recent work in diverse fields, including cognitive…

Aotearoa New Zealand is a super diverse nation in terms of the ethnicities of its people and languages spoken. With an increased rate of immigration from various parts of the world, the presence of multiple languages in many domains of social life is a reality. Consequently, classrooms are now places where learners have different linguistic and…