Fos protein immunodetection was used to investigate the neuronal activation elicited in some olfactory-related areas after either learning of an olfactory discrimination task or its reactivation 10 d later. Trained rats (T) progressively acquired the association between one odor of a pair and water-reward in a four-arm maze. Two groups of…

Global-local processing was examined in high-functioning children with autism and in groups of typically developing children. In experiment 1, the effects of structural bias were tested by comparing visual search that favored access to either local or global targets. The children with autism were not unusually sensitive to either level of visual…

Four experiments investigated activation of semantic information in action preparation. Participants either prepared to grasp and use an object (e.g., to drink from a cup) or to lift a finger in association with the object's position following a go/no-go lexical-decision task. Word stimuli were consistent to the action goals of the object use…

Background: Prior studies have showed that presentation methods could affect the accuracy of a choice assessment. Methods: In the current study, high- and low- preferred work tasks were identified in nine adults with developmental disabilities. Both tasks were then introduced in pairs within a choice assessment using the actual tasks, pictures of…

The need for continuous instruction of five severely or profoundly impaired (SPI) students (12-18 years old) was examined in light of recent court decisions regarding extended year schooling. SPI Ss and a control group of normal IQ Ss were taught new discriminations. After a 3-month break, the discriminations were taught with procedures, methods,…

On discrimination learning trials which allowed subjects to press an information key when in doubt, retarded children made significantly more presses than control groups. Results confirmed the hypothesis that retarded children would be more outerdirected than normal children in a situation in which distractibility could not play a role. (Author/GO)

Four groups of moderately retarded 7- to 13-year-old children (N =4 in each group) were trained to respond to a triangle with apex up (S+) and not to a triangle with apex down (S-), with and without errors. (Author)

Snyder's (1974) construct of self-monitoring in communication refers to the degree of self-observation and self-control, guided by situational cues to social appropriateness. To investigate the relationship of level of self-monitoring (high or low) to the ability to accurately discriminate varying levels of incongruent communication, 62 college…

Discrimination learning studied in 3-year-olds, indicated that children over 30 months of age did better than younger children, and girls learned faster than boys after the first problem. (ST)

Described is the learning theory of Marc Gold as it has been applied to increasing the learning efficiency of 64 mentally handicapped adolescents. (DB)

Children's avoidance responses were conditioned and then extinguished in a laboratory analog of a social threat situation. (DP)

Twelve moderately retarded children were trained on 2-choice visual discrimination problems with interpolation of another item between training and retention tests. Results indicated that well-learned items are rehearsed less. (SBT)

Predictions of two-stage learning theories were evaluated by measuring observing responses which produced the discriminative stimuli for .5 sec. (Editor)

This study tested the hypothesized relationship between overt sensorimotor ordering experiences and relational responding in preschool children. (Author/CS)