Do counselor educators identify with particular counseling theories, and, if so, with which ones most frequently? Sampled counselor educators (N=596) described their theoretical orientations in their own words, revealing tremendous variety. Four categories emerged as the most frequent responses: eclectic, client-centered, humanistic, and…

The goals of treatment and assessment in the behavior therapy approach should not be confined to such specific performance-oriented objectives as increasing approach behavior to feared stimuli or overcoming a stutter. They should be as diverse and complex as the people who have them. (Author/PD)

The effectiveness of oral-motor treatment and behavior modification to reduce habitual tongue protrusion was compared with five children with Down's Syndrome aged between 21 and 31 months. Both forms of treatment appeared to be effective but there was insufficient data to determine the more effective and efficient method. (Author/DB)

The study reports the effects of a reinforcement program on social behaviors of three preschool children who displayed inappropriate behaviors during peer interactions. The program was effective in increasing cooperative play by at least 50 percent over baseline, and the behavior changes were maintained when tokens were withdrawn. (Author/CL)

Describes a treatment approach for the symptom management of bulimia that is a synthesis of various techniques, including cognitive-behavioral therapy, response prevention, relapse training, and psychodynamic therapy. The model has been a useful teaching tool for staff and patients in both group and individual formats. Addresses the challenges of…

Demonstrated that behavioral marital therapy (BMT) and insight-oriented marital therapy (IOMT) could be rendered in a distinct and uncontaminated fashion in manual-guided outcome research where therapists were crossed with treatment condition. BMT proved to be highly structured, with 93 percent of therapist interventions reflecting behavioral…

Smokers who had received smoking cessation treatment of rapid smoking and behavioral counseling were assigned to one of two maintenance treatments. Treatments included coping-response and Pavlovian-exposure training. One added massed exposure to cigarettes, the other added nonmaintenance control condition. Both forms of maintenance reduced relapse…

Describes a cognitive-behavioral treatment package for bulimia. Discusses the goals of this package (e.g., to modify distorted cognitions). (Author/ABB)

The impact of undesirable competing behaviors on maintenance and generalization of desirable behaviors by two 8 year-olds with severe developmental disabilities was examined. Desired behaviors were often replaced by less desirable behaviors which served the same function within maintenance and/or generalization situations. (Author/CL)

Visual blocking procedures (briefly holding a paper screen in front of a subject's face contingent upon inappropriate behavior) were effective in decreasing inappropriate verbalizations in a moderately retarded 32-year-old male. Followup 4 months later indicated that suppression was maintained in treatment settings but failed to generalize to…

Examined the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia. Assigned 20 bulimic women to full- or brief-intervention therapy programs. Results indicated that full-intervention clients, relative to brief-intervention clients, substantially reduced the frequency of their bingeing-vomiting; improved their psychological adjustment; and…

The paper considers issues regarding behavior modification practices that are addressed by a human rights committee which advocates databased methodology for all behavior modification interventions. Such an approach delineates a hierarchy of punishment procedures which places ethical safeguards on the procedures. (CL)

Each instance of out-of-seat behavior of four hyperactive moderately/severely mentally retarded eight and nine year olds resulted in return to seat followed by 15-second physical restraint. Out-of-seat behavior of all four Ss increased during two implementations of the restraint contingency compared to levels during alternative baseline periods.…

Evaluated a program where cognitive-behavioral methods were utilized in a structured learning format with clinically depressed epileptics (N=13). Results indicated that cognitive behavioral interventions result in significant decreases in depression and increases in related areas of psychosocial functioning that are maintained over time. (LLL)

A severely retarded psychotic male who found restraint reinforcing was treated by a two-phase program including reinforcement with restraint for increasingly longer periods of noninjury and timeout from restraint and gradual fading of self-restraining (holding objects in his hands). Significant reductions in self-injurious behavior have continued…