Research in person perception has shown that children's descriptions of themselves and others evolve from being concrete and superficial during childhood to being abstract and inferential during adolescence. Such research was extended by focusing on the constructs 6-14 years-olds (N=106) use to describe the identifications they have formed with…

Dependence is a salient quality in both sexes, although it has been culturally more acceptable for women than for men to acknowledge and accept dependency. The conflict men experience with regard to dependency and the manifestations of such conflict in dependent adult behaviors were examined. Subjects were divided into a "most…

A study examined whether television's stereotypical portrayals of men and women affected children's sex role preferences. The subjects, 105 fifth and 70 eighth grade students from a predominately black urban school in the southern United States, were assigned to see one of three versions of a videotape of a family drama in which male and female…

Sex differences in activity selection or choice appear by age 12 or 18 months. These choices are one of the earliest indicators of sex differences in the behavior of young children. Differences in activity participation or toy choices are evident long before the emergence of sex differences in personality characteristics like passivity or…

Using the interactionist framework and semantic differential and discriminant analysis techniques, the study sought to determine (a) the existence of body build stereotypes, (b) the extent of identification with these stereotypes, and (c) the effect of such identification upon the child's self evaluation. The subjects were 388 children in grades…

Role theory predicts that when expectations are disconfirmed, the perception of persons who do not conform to the stereotypes may be distorted. To investigate the evaluation of sex-typed behavior in males and females, male and female college students (N=120) read about one of four persons described as either a man or woman in either a masculine or…

To address the issue of a teacher's self image, a holistic teaching model was used at the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh. Teachers, student teachers, and preservice students enrolled in a course featuring the Symmetrical Model. The model presents a framework for perceiving self in completeness or symmetry for consideration in an educational…

The psychoanalytic theory of identification and the cognitive-developmental and social-learning theories of imitation are briefly described. Pertinent empirical research in the following areas is summarized and critically evaluated: imitation in infants, observational learning, clinical use of modeling, and the relation of imitation to aggression,…

THESE QUOTED CONVERSATIONS WITH FOUR NEGRO AND PUERTO RICAN STUDENTS AT BENJAMIN FRANKLIN HIGH SCHOOL IN EAST HARLEM REVEAL THE NEGATIVE FEELINGS OF TWO OF THE TEENAGERS ABOUT THE VALUE OF AN EDUCATION AND THE MOBILITY ASPIRATIONS OF THE OTHER TWO. THE TALKS SHOW A FATALISTIC HOPELESSNESS ABOUT THE BARRIERS IMPOSED BY RACIAL DISCRIMINATION AND A…

This document is an edited transcript of speeches and other proceedings from the 1968 New Orleans Upward Bound Conference. Upward Bound is a federally-sponsored program for preparing students from low-income families for admission to college. At the conference representatives from federal agencies and educators with significant institutional…

This paper integrates theory and research on the adolescent society into a comprehensive model of the status attainment process. The analysis reveals that a multidimensional conception of the adolescent role informs understanding of the dynamics of the status attainment process; that perceived peer status does not mediate antecedent effects on…

A theoretical interface between the terms "reference group" and "significant others" is established. This is due to the terms having a common root in the classic problem of the self's referral to the other. In the elaboration of this interface a merging of such notions as positive and negative reference groups with two types of…

The interrelationships among perceived sex role of self, sex roles of parents and friends, and sex roles of television-situation-comedy characters were investigated by this study. Individual preferences for characters in four TV programs--"All in the Family,""Rhoda,""Mary Tyler Moore," and "The Bob Newhart…

This short paper asks three related questions: What factors erode ethnic ties? What factors support ethnic identification? What roles does ethnicity play in the process of assimilation? Data were obtained through a sample survey of registered voters in three wards of Providence and the entire suburb of Warwick, Rhode Island. After a field test,…

The fourth in a series of nine career education guides is a unit plan on total awareness for the junior high school level which presents goals, objectives, and numerous and various activities for four major awareness areas: environment, peers and others, self, and careers. It includes a four-page bibliography of books, workbooks and films; eight…