With the promotion of STEM education and active practice, experiential learning has become a crucial instructional design strategy. Experiential learning emphasizes a student-centered learning model, encouraging students to explore unknown fields through individual and team collaborative efforts. Through practical activities, it promotes active…

Researchers who work with ordinal rating scales sometimes encounter situations where the scale categories do not function in the intended or expected way. For example, participants' use of scale categories may result in an empirical difficulty ordering for the categories that does not match what was intended. Likewise, the level of distinction…

The present research aimed to explore the dynamic growth of two emotional constructs: foreign language enjoyment (FLE) and foreign language learning boredom (FLLB) among L2 learners. To do so, we used a method that would capture the inherent dynamicity of L2 learners' enjoyment and boredom during an EFL course. To this aim, a bivariate latent…

Psychomotor skill training has traditionally relied on the physical presence of both teacher and learner for effective demonstrations and feedback, posing challenges for remote and self-directed learning. Technological advancements have given rise to immersive learning environments (ILEs), offering novel solutions for interactive and multimodal…

In order to reach valid and reliable test scores, various test theories have been developed, and one of them is nonparametric item response theory (NIRT). Mokken Models are the most widely known NIRT models which are useful for small samples and short tests. Mokken Package is useful for Mokken Scale Analysis. An important issue about validity is…

Insufficient effort responding (IER) affects many forms of assessment in both educational and psychological contexts. Much research has examined different types of IER, IER's impact on the psychometric properties of test scores, and preprocessing procedures used to detect IER. However, there is a gap in the literature in terms of practical advice…

This article explores emotional aspects of national grade policies in Sweden as they are enacted in feedback practices at middle school level. Policy measures such as standardized testing and grades have over the last decades put emphasis on academic outcomes in Sweden. However, research suggests that this emphasis can impact students' emotions…

A lack of empathy for victimized individuals has been cited as a reason for why bystanders fail to intervene when they witness bullying. However, limited research has addressed how different empathic and compassionate responses could account for diverse bystander behaviors. In this study, we investigated the unique associations of empathic…

This article presents findings from a self-research study based primarily on verbal and written feedback from the students. The aim was to examine comprehensive academic discussion of my experiences developing Freirean dialogic teaching. A brief review of the principles of critical pedagogy and a definition of dialogic teaching according to Freire…

Multidimensionality is common in psychological and educational measurements. This study focuses on dimensions that converge at the upper anchor (i.e. the highest acquisition status defined in a learning progression) and compares different ways of dealing with them using the multidimensional random coefficients multinomial logit model and scale…

Using an evaluative approach within a professional communication service course, we used student documents and instructor feedback to uncover how students and instructors were understanding the rhetoric student learning outcome (SLO). Because rhetoric is central to the course, our driving questions were, Can we locate language that actualizes the…

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of conductor score use (conducting with a musical score vs. conducting without a score) on observers' perceptions of conductors. We also examined how those effects may differ when viewed from the ensemble perspective compared to the audience perspective. Participants (N = 126) were collegiate…

The prevalence of collaborative learning in online virtual environments is on the rise. It is vital to investigate the effect of emotional interaction on the learning engagement of students. The university students who participated in 16 h of online collaborative learning responded to an anonymous survey. The instruments included Collaborative…

Dance is a multifaceted creative act that has been used to communicate emotions throughout human evolution. Despite this history, there has been no empirical exploration of components of dance that allow it to communicate emotion. We address this with a mixed methods study in which a quantitative study with dance viewers builds upon qualitative…

In this study a standardized effect size was created for use with the SIBTEST procedure. Using this standardized effect size, a single set of heuristics was developed that are appropriate for data fitting different item response models (e.g., 2-parameter logistic, 3-parameter logistic). The standardized effect size rescales the raw beta-uni value…