Infants raised the pitch of their vocalizations when stimulated by vocalizing parents. Nonvocal stimulation did not repeat the effect. Intonation contours did not change during different conditions. The pitch of the parents' vocalizations also rose during vocal interaction. Changes in infant pitch were interpreted as a function of imitation.…

This research report provides data refuting the traditional view that the conflict between dominant white values and black values leads to self-hatred in black preschool children. Self-concepts, racial attitudes, racial identification, and sex-role typing were tested in groups of black children from an integrated urban area in Detroit, an all…

This article reviews research from the 1940's, 1950's and 1960's on the effects of discrimination on blacks. Data from these studies indicate that adverse cultural restrictions have fostered a unique and distinctive black personality. Among traits identified are: a negative or inferior self-image, pessimism about the future, attachment to the…

There seem to be at least five separate concepts of generation currently in use: (1) developmental stage; (2) ranked descent; (3) age homogeneous group; (4) time span; and (5) "spirit of the age." The last concept differs from the first four because it refers to content rather than structure. Most current writings use this last definition. Most of…

Although books of solely black literature are being published in abundance, an anthology representing both black and white authors is needed, for only through including the literary traditions of all Americans can the national experience be accurately reflected. The origins of Afro-American poetry are found in the late 18th century, and with the…

One of a series of nine articles which review recent educational literature and offer hints to teachers, this paper examines children as potential adults. They bring to school with them all the diversity and advantages or disadvantages of their homes, families, and environments. From all these influences each child has developed a picture of…

Infant's crying may have an important mediating role in the formation of attachment behavior. The earliest vocalizations are discussed in terms of an acoustic communications model in which the baby's vocal repertoire becomes incorporated into a closed-loop, feedback system with his mother. Certain pre-lingual "signals" may be associated with those…

The "indeterminate" quality of Oates' writing is an asset to the oral interpreter. It demands reader participation and allows the text to become real. The imagery of violence, however, presents special problems. Upon encountering violence in the writing, the reader may experience what Leon Festinger terms "cognitive…

A study of the psychological differences between maleness and femaleness is presented. The sample studied consisted of four groups: (1) 24 pre-service nursing trainees, all female; (2) 57 introductory psychology students, 31 females and 26 males; (3) 19 caucasian non-college graduate adults, 11 females and 8 males; and (4) 27 radical feminists.…

To investigate the validity of language usage as an indicator of identification with the Mexican American subculture, this study hypothesized that greater use of Spanish than English would be correlated with characteristics consistent with the ideal, typical, Mexican American family in terms of family of orientation and aspirations for future…

The purpose of this subproject is to guide students to meet and interact with individuals from the many subcultures in a community (see ED 055 011). This progress report of the second year's activities includes information on the process of curriculum development, the materials developed, evaluation, roles of supporting agencies, behavioral…

The purpose of this study was to examine the nature of sexist attitudes among male university students. A Situational Attitude Scale of ten personal or social situations with some relevance to a sex related response and 100 bipolar semantic differential word scales was created. Two forms of the instrument, each containing the same situations,…

A study was conducted to: (1) compare mothers and daughters on their needs for achievement and affiliation and their attitudes to success and failure; and (2) relate the mother's child-raising practices to the daughter's needs. Questionnaires were filled out by mothers and children, and observations of mother-child interaction were made. Ss were…

The development of scales to measure Mexican American identification with their population is discussed in this paper. The scales measure (1) identification with the Mexican American population using attitudinal items (Identity Scale) and (2) interaction behavior with the Mexican American population (Interaction Scale). The sample consisted of all…

An exploratory study attempted 1) to identify elements of an existing film, "Frederick Douglass," which might affect self-image; 2) to incorporate such elements during the production of two new films, "John Mercer Langston," directed towards children, and "When Children Search for Themselves," directed towards teachers, and 3) to evaluate the…