The initial study was based on responses of 103 examinees on an objective classroom test. Results indicated that response changes increased item difficulties as well as biserial and point biserial correlations. Test reliability was not decreased. This implies that not all students benefit from changing initial responses. The personal biserial…

Intended for use by college and university educators, this book contains theoretical ideas and practical activities designed to enhance and promote writing across the curriculum programs. Topics discussed in the 12 major chapters are (1) conceptual frameworks of the cross writing program; (2) journal writing across the curriculum; (3) writing and…

Literature related to eight major categories of variables affecting the experiences provided to children in preschools is reviewed in this paper. Categories initially discussed include contextual factors, characteristics of clients, characteristics of teachers and other assisting adults, and the preschool curriculum. A short discussion of the…

This manuscript, divided into four sections, was prepared specifically to assist the beginning teacher. A transcript of a video tape entitled "Bridging the Gap" focuses on the expectations and anxieties of the beginning teacher and presents suggestions for success during the first year. A list of focus questions for discussion accompanies the…

In the past decade, increased demands on teachers have often resulted in situations conducive to stress. Teacher stress is defined as the occurrence of perceived negative situations that result in adverse teacher reactions or behaviors. Teacher stress can result from situations in three areas: (1) environmental stressors, encompassing living…

This learning module was designed to familiarize community college instructors with the characteristics of nontraditional students and with strategies for providing these students with a positive learning environment. After introductory material offering a rationale for the module, Part I provides a list of key concepts, a statement of learning…

A study was conducted to further understanding of students' perceptions of the teacher's role during guided oral reading. Observations were made of 36 first through sixth grade students reading orally in groups composed of one good reader, one poor reader, and one good or poor reader playing the "teacher." The observations were followed…

A summary of an extensive literature survey deals with the variables known or suspected to affect the retention of learned motor behaviors over lengthy no-practice intervals. Emphasis was given to research conducted by or for the military. The variables that may affect the retention of motor skills were dichotomized into task variables and…

A study of the efficiency of faculty of the six schools of the Open University of the United Kingdom was conducted through informal interviews. To review methods of developing new packages of course materials, 20 topics were focused upon, and the interviewee was encouraged to talk freely and fully. The interviews may have given the opportunity for…

The purpose of this study was to determine if the comprehension of 33 second grade students on a standardized test is the same whether the test is read silently or orally. The students silently read Level B, Form 1 of the "Gates MacGinitie Reading Test"; during the month that followed, individual students read Level B, Form 2, of the test orally,…

A workshop in social conflict and negotiative problem solving was developed by The Improving Teaching Competencies Program of the Northwest Regional Education Laboratory. Participants--teachers, administrators, and other school personnel--were provided with multiple opportunities to be involved in learning about conflict at personal,…

A first attempt to investigate effects of viewing videotapes of one's teaching behavior is reported. Thirty-eight teaching interns at a California State College viewed videotapes of their practice teaching without the presence of a supervisor or guidelines. No control group was used. Pre- and post-viewing questionnaires and interviews were…

A multiple baseline design for modifying the gross motor coordination of a 31-month-old boy suspected of suffering from congenital brain damage was conducted at the University of Kansas Infant Study Laboratory. The primary purpose of the study was to establish, by experimental procedures, the desired, but absent, behavior of walking, getting up,…

The effects of prompting and confirmation on automated presentation of materials in discrimination learning were studied. Eight pairs of words or pictures were presented to 48 mentally retarded subjects (mean IQ 63, mean chronological age 163.4 months, mean mental age 103.3 months). Each subject's correct responses advanced the program and, in the…

The Tennessee Self Concept Scale (TSCS) contains 100 items and 12 scales designed to assess self concept in three areas: total self esteem, self-criticism, and self-consistency. One hundred and seventeen females and three males, 75% of whom were black, attending a Work Incentive training program were administered the TSCS to examine its construct…