Protocols were obtained from 22 subjects as they discovered the conditions under which equilibrium is obtained on a balance beam by predicting and observing the outcomes of a series of problems. The interviews revealed that subjects used a variety of heuristics to make predictions once they had isolated the two relevant features of the problem,…

A general model for the homogeneous case of the continuous response is proposed. The model is an expansion and generalization of the one proposed by the author in 1974, in which the open response situation is dealt with. In this generalized model, the closed response situation is dealt with, and it includes the model for the open response…

THIS NOTE DESCRIBES THE PROCEDURES USED IN DETERMINING DYNAMOD II AGE TRANSITION MATRICES. A SEPARATE MATRIX FOR EACH SEX-RACE GROUP IS DEVELOPED. THESE MATRICES WILL BE USED AS AN AID IN ESTIMATING THE TRANSITION PROBABILITIES IN THE LARGER DYNAMOD II MATRIX RELATING AGE TO OCCUPATIONAL CATEGORIES. THREE STEPS WERE USED IN THE PROCEDURE--(1)…

SELF-JUDGMENTS OF COMPETENCE VARY GREATLY. COMPETENCE JUDGMENTS ARE IMPORTANT IN TESTING THE THEORY OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION. APPLICATION OF THIS THEORY REQUIRES ACCURATE CONTROL OR ASSESSMENT OF THE SUBJECTIVE PROBABILITIES IN AN INDIVIDUAL'S COMPETENCE JUDGMENTS. SUBJECTIVE PROBABILITIES ARE OF TWO TYPES--(1) SUBJECTIVE PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS,…

STATISTICAL DECISION-MAKING THEORY PROVIDES A FRAME OF REFERENCE WITHIN WHICH THE COUNSELOR AND CLIENT CAN CONSIDER A WIDE RANGE OF PROBLEMS OF DECISION MAKING. IN THE FACE OF UNCERTAINTY, A SET OF ACTIONS IS AVAILABLE. PREFERENCE AMONG THESE ACTIONS DEPENDS ON THE TRUE STATE OF NATURE WHICH IS GENERALLY UNKOWN. TO GAIN THIS INFORMATION, AN…

This paper is concerned with memory functions in sequentially structured behavior. Twenty-five 4- and 5-year-old preschool children participated in a prediction experiment in which a stack of cards (each card alternately having a patch of red or green tape on it) was displayed to the child. The child was presented with a card and asked to predict…

The purpose of this study was to measure nonverbally the preference of alternative responses when the net probability of being rewarded was the same. A demonstration of preference under these circumstances would suggest the ability to control or maintain behavior without explicit administration of a reinforcing agent. Head Start children were used…

Evidence was found for an ability to monitor during learning the degree of retrievability of the to-be-learned material from memory at time of a subsequent test. Students were given three successive study trials to learn either a list of 60 paired associates or a free-recall list of 60 "unrelated" words. During a fourth study trial, they rated on…

Methods drawn from four logical theories associated with studies of inductive processes are applied to the assessment and evaluation of experimental episode construct validity. It is shown that this application provides for estimates of episode informativeness with respect to the person examined in terms of the construct and to the construct…

Reported are the results of a study which investigated the relative efficacy of four instructional strategies for promoting three levels of awareness of mathematical concepts. It was determined that there are basically two kinds of moves used in teaching concepts: characterization (C), and exemplification (E). The four patterns studied were C, CE,…

The first part of Course III focuses on matrix algebra, graphs and functions, and combinatorics. Topics studied include: matrices and transformations, the solution of systems of linear equations, matrix multiplication, matrix inversion and a field of 2 x 2 matrices. The section on graphs and functions considers regions of the plane and…

This is a report from the Project on Individually Guided Mathematics, Phase 2 Analysis of Mathematics Instruction. The report outlines some of the characteristics of probability measurement procedures for scoring objective tests, discusses hypothesized advantages and disadvantages of the methods, and reports the results of three experiments…

A computer program to perform a Monte Carlo simulation of counting experiments was written. The program was based on a mathematical derivation which started with counts in a time interval. The time interval was subdivided to form a binomial distribution with no two counts in the same subinterval. Then the number of subintervals was extended to…