Adults inexperienced with mental retardation, parents of retarded children, and teachers of the retarded children viewed slides of retarded and nonretarded children whose facial expressions depicted happiness, anger, sadness, and/or neutrality. Inexperienced adults identified fewer expressions of retarded children than did parents who, in turn,…

Examined how an unstable rather than stable view of dispositions--that is, personality traits and abilities--affected the motivational consequences of 7- and 8-year-old children's success and failure experiences, and their self-confidence and impressions of other persons. (SKC)

Study measured teachers' and children's facial, verbal and physical affectionate behaviors in seven day care centers during a variety of daily routines. Affectionate behavior occurred much less frequently than other social interaction. Implications for day care programming and research are discussed. (Author/RWB)

Effects of preaching, recipient deservingness, personality attractiveness, and sex of subjects on pledging and donating behaviors were investigated with fifth and sixth graders. Findings are discusssed in terms of (1) saliency of stimulus object and children's stereotyping of the elderly; (2) children's conception of relationship between…

Using the Ainsworth Strange Situation Procedure, a study examined the interrelations between dimensions of emotion and social interactive behaviors to explore the regulatory role of each in mother-infant interaction and how these roles may change in the second year. (HOD)

Impact of personal and social crisis on the lives of young children is explored, and categories of potential stress in today's world are distinguished. Examination of roles and actions of helping adults in assisting children to confront such crises shows how parents, teachers, and others can affirm innate resiliency while strengthening…

Addresses the crisis associated with adolescent affective disorders and probes potential genetics, environmental, and physiological factors. Reviews case examples of depression, eating disorders, and suicide among youths. States clinical implications and advocates early diagnosis and treatment. (ML)

Examines the connection between children's own storying in play and the narrative fictions offered them in children's literature. (HOD)

From a developmental-structuralist perspective, describes stages of child development; presents operational criteria to help the clinician categorize infants and young children whose behavioral and emotional patterns may fall outside the expectable, normal range; and illustrates the diagnostic approach with five case studies. (RH)

Assessed the role of adaptive versus maladaptive coping behaviors and personal characteristics in influencing the affective reactions of managers (N=204) to four role stressors. Results showed that maladaptive coping served to heighten the level of stress experienced in response to role ambiguity, quantitative overload, and qualitative overload.…

Although direct behavioral control by the early learning system wanes, the adult learning system seems to be structured at least partially through the lasting influence of infantile experience. Under (hormonal) stress, residues of early experience are reinstated and incorporated into adult memory where they directly control behavior. (Author/LMO)

Examined influence of nondiscrepance and discrepance between situational and expressive cues on children's emotion recognition. Videotaped episodes in which actors portrayed emotions were presented to four- to eight-year-old girls. Girls' responses to questions regarding the perceived cues reflected a developmental trend from centration to…

Ways in which teachers can help children in kindergarten and the primary grades develop some of the cognitive and affective capabilities necessary for a global perspective are discussed. Specifically examined are course content which fosters global knowledge and which shows how children can be taught to assume the perspective of others. (RM)

Depression is considered a significant affective disorder in children and adolescents. This article provides school psychologists with information concerning the current status of depression in this population. Epidemiological data on depression is provided with phenomenology and diagnostic criteria, review of assessment measures, and…

Weiner's allegations of errors in testing his theory (presumed detrimental effects of investigating a restricted range of variables, use of expectancy changes as a mediating variable, and presumed inappropriateness of classroom performance as a dependent variable) are evaluated. Disconfirmation of Weiner's predictions occurs irrespective of…