As the incomes of affluent and poor families have diverged over the past three decades, so too has the educational performance of their children. But how exactly do the forces of rising inequality affect the educational attainment and life chances of low-income children? In "Whither Opportunity?" a distinguished team of economists,…

School counselors' roles can be described along a continuum from reactive to proactive. Whereas reactive services respond to crises, provide counseling, and provide other interventions, proactive services include programs provided with the intent to prevent problems before they occur. As increasing demands are placed on students, and as academic…

This study examined how students at Pennsylvania State University chose to spend their discretionary time outside the structured classroom. A sample of 367 students (a 73% response) completed surveys (62% were from males) containing 19 questions classified in non-academic and academic categories. The three academic questions focused on amounts of…

Individuals can produce good stresses that will inhibit or eliminate the bad stresses of anxiety, depression, resentment, and hopelessness. This can be accomplished as individuals learn to include in their lifestyles these nine approaches: self-talk, commitment, self-control, challenge, interpersonal relations, time management, relaxation,…

A study was conducted to investigate the role perceptions of the state directors of community college education in 11 states. The directors were asked to rate 67 managerial activities in terms the importance of the activity and the amount of time they spent on it. They were also asked to identify the activities needing more of their time and those…

This document discusses the importance of time management for learning-disabled students and techniques to enhance the teaching of time management skills. Teaching effective time management calls for consideration of the student's readiness to learn new material, effective transitions between activities, clear prioritization of educational…

Although research suggests that highly test anxious subjects are often motivated to escape from situations in which they are being evaluated, many persons in experimental situations do not see escape as an option. To examine the behavior of test anxious persons in aversive test situations, 60 college students, who were assessed as being high or…

Attitudes toward homework are explored through a review of research and interviews. The interviews were conducted with teachers, students, principals, and parents on the pros and cons of homework assignments. Included in the discussions were the kinds of homework assigned, reasons for the assignments, time spent on homework, and the effects of…

Surveyed 117 college students regarding factors that affected their success and failure in college. Persistent and active study was the most common reason given for academic success, followed by setting challenging goals. Academic failure was attributed to lack of study, poor time management, and inadequate goal setting. (Author/ABL)

The article describes three components of classroom efficiency to aid secondary resource teachers serving handicapped adolescents: (1) use of group instructional procedures; (2) use of noncertified paraprofessionals, volunteers, and peer tutors; and (3) a procedure for managing the multiple expectations placed on resource teachers. (DB)

Educational improvements should not depend on "heroic" efforts. Administrators need to develop ways to support innovation systematically. Four conditions are important for facilitating improvement: (1)available time, (2) cushions against interference, (3) encouragement, and (4) recognition of the need for incorporation. (MD)

Directors of small public relations shops were queried on how they have cut out unproductve work. Some time-wasters include: long committee meetings, telephones, outside services, things that require big effort for little reward, interruptions, junk mail, typewriters, etc. (MLW)

Counselors from seven elementary schools identified 15 counselor functions and kept logs of how they spent their time. Teachers rank ordered functions by how they perceived school counselors spending time and how counselors should spend time. Teachers ranked individual counseling highest as actual and ideal counselor function, followed by group…

Describes a survey that evaluated time management practices among directors of large academic libraries. Factors such as the ability to delegate authority, leadership style, and the most common time wasters are discussed, and topics are suggested for further research. (19 references) (Author/CLB)

Recent research findings relating to time-on-task have had little effect on school practice. One cause was reducing the findings to an oversimplified statement that equated more time with more learning. Offers ways that schools can increase time-on-task. (CJH)