Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are subject to considerable public health debate. Most public health experts agree that for smokers who find it particularly challenging to quit, e-cigarettes may reduce harm. E-cigarette use in the home may also reduce children's secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, although e-cigarette vapour may pose risks. This…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of independent vs interdependent self-construal in non-smokers' responses to an anti-smoking message that focuses on either personal or relational consequences of smoking. Design/methodology/approach: Two web-based experimental studies were conducted among US college non-smokers. In the…

Background: The public health benefits of tobacco taxation are undermined when smokers engage in price-minimizing behaviors other than quitting in response to rising prices. Methods: 314 students at the University of Nottingham, UK, completed an online survey about their smoking behavior and their likely responses to hypothetical tobacco price…

Electronic cigarettes (ECs) acting as a gateway to smoking traditional cigarettes (TCs) is a growing public health concern of EC use among youths. To gather the opinions and perceptions of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) on whether and how EC can act as a gateway to smoking TC among youths. A qualitative method included 42 AYAs. Participants…

Background: The U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (USDHHS) recommends that health material be written at or below a sixth-grade reading level to ensure readability. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the readability of online smoking cessation materials from several government and voluntary health organizations.…

Psychologists have become increasingly interested in the intra-individual variability of psychological measures as a meaningful distinguishing characteristic of persons. Assessments of intra-individual variability are frequently based on the repeated administration of self-report rating scale instruments, and extreme response style (ERS) has the…

The paper reports findings from an efficacy randomised controlled study of a smoking prevention programme designed for use in High Schools. Data is reported from 399, students with a mean age of 12.5 years. The smoking prevention programmes used cooperative learning as a pedagogical tool within which to frame work. Findings indicated that students…

Objective: Low socioeconomic status young people in low- and middle-income countries use tobacco at higher rates than their wealthier peers. School-based tobacco use prevention interventions that employ a life skills approach are effective at preventing tobacco use. In India, the Salaam Bombay Foundation (SBF) has implemented a multiyear,…

Nearly all lifelong smokers start as children or young adults, and the tobacco industry targets these specific age groups. A key public health effort to limit the use of tobacco products by people under the age of 21 years is the promotion of the "Tobacco 21" initiative. This initiative promotes and supports efforts to establish bills…

Robust evidence suggesting a strong association between greater educational attainment, better health and lower mortality, has led to speculation that the quality of schooling can also have effects on health. This review critically summarises findings from 15 studies in a growing area of research concerning the effects of school quality on health.…

Health care professionals including physicians, nurses, and audiologists are charged with providing comprehensive geriatric care for millions of aging adults. As baby boomers mature, prevalence of age-related hearing loss (ARHL) among adults aged 45+ years has risen from 30% to 50%. New findings have emerged regarding risk factors affecting ARHL…

Problem and Purpose: A review of the literature revealed that college non-student athletes and student-athletes experience stress during their college years but do not always have the appropriate coping behaviors to manage the stress. The purpose of this descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental study was to determine the stress coping…

Purpose: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, effective health education curricula feature instructional strategies and learning experiences built on theoretical approaches that have effectively influenced health-related behaviors among youth. The attitudes, beliefs and norms (ABN) domain is proposed as an alternative to…

The "2017 Disability Statistics Annual Report" presents statistics to address the following types of questions: (1) How many people with disabilities live in the United States; (2) What is the percentage of people with disabilities in different age groups; (3) What is the percentage of people with disabilities for different types of…

This occasional paper presents subgroup findings from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study on levels of, and trends in, the use of a number of substances for nationally representative samples of high school graduates ages 19-30. The data have been gathered in a series of follow-up surveys of representative subsamples of high school seniors who…