A study used public finance theory to evaluate Ontario's matching grants in support of university-industry interaction, which encourage faculty to seek new research and development contracts facilitating technology transfer activities. Results suggest it may not be an effective mechanism. Conceptual and methodological obstacles to assessing these…

A survey of almost 1,000 research and development staff at large industrial corporations in Britain and Japan investigated differences in employment structures (market-oriented vs. organization-oriented), learning in higher education, and career expectations. Significant differences were found in attitudes of workers in the two countries.…

Strengths and weaknesses of three types of semiquantitative methods used by the federal government in research impact assessment are presented, and examples of their use are reviewed. These include the classic retrospective method, another retrospective approach, and accomplishments books used by selected research-sponsoring organizations. (SLD)

Discusses the utility of IEA cross-national studies of achievement and its determinants, why some countries appear uninterested in such information, the comparability of achievement data between nations, how to improve the selection of input and process variables, other international research needs, and the role of national funding agencies. (SV)

Describes the social education curriculum and identifies trends in social education in Korean early childhood education; examines teacher education in relation to the goals of the social education curriculum, highlighting teachers' beliefs and practices; and reviews research on social studies education, highlighting parent involvement and the…

Examines shifts in federal student aid and research and development policies over two decades, and argues that policy changes have converged on public research universities, making them exemplars of Reagan economics marked by privatization, deregulation, and commercialization. Patterns of institutional resource allocation to departments are…

Describes the origins and first two years of a focused collaborative project involving Wichita State University (Kansas), the aviation industry, and state economic-development organizations. The center is industry-driven and reflects the industry's current technological needs. The arrangement can offer significant advantages to each stakeholder,…

Discusses how the changing status of South Korea in the world economy has affected the movement of Korean human resources in science and technology. Examines trends in overseas study by Korean graduate students, the migration of highly educated personnel, and the recent repatriation of Korean scientists and engineers. (SV)

Traces the evolution of ethical norms, principles, and standards in social work during four stages in the profession's history: (1) morality period, (2) values period, (3) ethical theory and decision-making period, and (4) ethical standards and risk-management period. Recent developments in the profession include complex conceptual frameworks and…

Discusses 100-year-old debate about the primary function of the social work profession: to seek social reform or to provide individual treatment. Uses debate format to argue that these need not be mutually exclusive and divisive, and that they are increasingly evident in social work education and practice. (Author/JDM)

Reviews the current state of research paradigms in the field of instructional technology from the perspective of research standards and paradigms recommended by Leslie J. Briggs in early 1980s. Analysis of articles published in "Educational Technology Research and Development" from 1992 to 1996 revealed that relatively few research…

The National Science Foundation-funded Center for Innovative Learning Technologies (CILT) is designed to be a national resource for stimulating research and development of technology-enabled solutions to critical problems in K-14 science, math, engineering, and technology learning. The rationale and operations of the Center and first-year progress…

Three years after seven teachers had participated in an intensive year-long professional development experience in three multilevel reading practices (partner reading, collaborative strategic reading, and making words), all but one teacher sustained one or more of the practices at a high rate, as determined by classroom observation and interviews.…

Describes the joint NSF/JISC (National Science Foundation/UK Joint Information Systems Committee) International Digital Libraries Initiative. Discusses JISC funding criteria and procedures; personalized information environment (PIE), a conceptual architecture that allows unified, highly customizable access to distributed information resources; and…

Addresses three relationships between research and practice in speech-language pathology: (1) shared-interest communication; (2) research-driven communication; and (3) practice-driven communication. Recommendations for developing effective communication are offered. (Author/DB)