The study aimed to develop a cross-disciplinary integrative STEM (i-STEM) robotics curriculum by the thematic integration approaches of webbed and threaded models, and to understand high school students' cognitions, attitudes, and interests in robotics STEM after the instruction. The concurrent mixed methods including quantitative experimental…

A previous study found that task shifting and fluid intelligence, but not working memory capacity (WMC) and prior knowledge, influenced the worked example effect (Schwaighofer, Bühner, & Fischer, 2016). To increase confidence in these findings, we report a preregistered extended replication study of Schwaighofer et al.'s investigation.…

Purpose: To promote gains in cognitive complexity (measured by integrative complexity, IC) associated with recognition of validity in others' viewpoints/values, supporting peaceful conflict reduction. Design: Assessment of effectiveness of "Living Well with Difference" (LWWD) course designed to promote critical thinking about contested…

This article considers the role of emotions in the creation of new knowledge and the development of young children's minds. Drawing on recent literature relating to emotions and emotional development and recent research into rhizomatic thinking, the authors argue that emotions are more important within cognitive development than is currently…

The significance of scaffolding in education has received considerable attention. Many studies have examined the effects of scaffolding with diverse groups of participants, purposes, learning outcomes, and learning environments. The purpose of this research was to conduct a meta-analysis of the effects of scaffolding on learning outcomes in an…

As people today use information products in contexts with distractions, we need to design for people's attention. User experience design routinely relies on behavioral design to engage distracted users and nudge them toward specific behavior. Although practiced in user experience design, behavioral design is less known in technical communication.…

In this paper, we analyse the results of an experience designed and implemented to evaluate the epistemic and cognitive conflicts identified in the study of proportionality, carried out by a group of 21 students in their last year of primary education. Initially the students exhibit difficulties to recognize situations where proportionality can be…

Purpose: Guided by cognitive load theory and cognitive theory of multimedia learning, the purpose of this study was to evaluate players' ability to integrate dynamic information presented under different conditions: a verbal condition, in which instructions were given orally; a visual condition, in which instructions were shown using arrow…

Classroom discussions represent a common learning activity for students in schools. The prevailing discourse has focused on how to encourage as many students as possible to participate actively in classroom discussions with the assumption that only vocal students are engaged learners. The present essay critically challenges this position by…

Manipulative artefacts are considered useful scaffolds of arithmetic during early years education, but their use is considered less important as children get older. Yet adult arithmetic performance often recruits artefacts to improve accuracy and efficiency, and so the same benefits should accrue to children beyond early years. We propose that…

Moving from arithmetic to algebraic thinking at early grades is foundational in the study of number patterns and number relationships. This qualitative study investigates mental computational activity in a third grade classroom's and its relationship to algebraic thinking and reasoning. The data sources include classroom observations, field notes,…

Competent use of the Internet to locate information is an important skill for today's youth. Yet, many lack the knowledge and dispositions to engage in the processes necessary to effectively and efficiently find information on the Internet. As a result, various countries have incorporated references to the processes of online inquiry within their…

We are on the precipice of significant change in industry. Some have called it industry 4.0, and without significant attention, business management educators will be unfamiliar and underprepared--and as a result, they will not adequately equip their students for change. This essay explores the need for a digital mindset and tech literacy in…

Student engagement is an important factor in academic performance and comprises four dimensions: behavioural, cognitive, emotional (Fredricks et al., 2004), and agentic (Reeve, 2013). Blended courses provide unique opportunities for instructors to use trace data collected during learning to understand and support student engagement. This…

Teacher knowledge, especially of proportional reasoning, is important, particularly in middle school grades in the United States. In this instrumental case study, one teacher's understanding of constant as it relates to proportions and how that understanding shifted over the course of a six hour professional development experience is discussed.…