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Tort, Adriano B. L.; Komorowski, Robert; Kopell, Nancy; Eichenbaum, Howard – Learning & Memory, 2011
The association of specific events with the context in which they occur is a fundamental feature of episodic memory. However, the underlying network mechanisms generating what-where associations are poorly understood. Recently we reported that some hippocampal principal neurons develop representations of specific events occurring in particular…
Descriptors: Animals, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Context Effect, Correlation
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Rapp, Alexander M.; Erb, Michael; Grodd, Wolfgang; Bartels, Mathias; Markert, Katja – Brain and Language, 2011
Metonymies are exemplary models for complex semantic association processes at the sentence level. We investigated processing of metonymies using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). During an 1.5 Tesla fMRI scan, 14 healthy subjects (12 female) read 124 short German sentences with either literal (like "Africa is arid"),…
Descriptors: Sentences, Semantics, Syntax, Cognitive Processes
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Friedrich, Manuela; Friederici, Angela D. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
There has been general consensus that initial word learning during early infancy is a slow and time-consuming process that requires very frequent exposure, whereas later in development, infants are able to quickly learn a novel word for a novel meaning. From the perspective of memory maturation, this shift in behavioral development might represent…
Descriptors: Semantics, Infants, Neurology, Memory
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Hamada, Megumi; Koda, Keiko – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2011
Although the role of the phonological loop in word-retention is well documented, research in Chinese character retention suggests the involvement of non-phonological encoding. This study investigated whether the extent to which the phonological loop contributes to learning and remembering visually introduced words varies between college-level…
Descriptors: Phonology, Associative Learning, Native Speakers, English
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Maguire, Angela M.; Humphreys, Michael S.; Dennis, Simon; Lee, Michael D. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2010
This paper addresses two Global Matching predictions in embedded-category designs: the within-category choice advantage in forced-choice recognition (superior discrimination for test choices comprising a same-category distractor); and the category length effect in forced-choice and old/new recognition (a loss in discriminability with increases in…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Models, Prediction, Classification
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Purkis, Helena M.; Lipp, Ottmar V. – Learning and Motivation, 2010
Evaluative learning is said to differ from Pavlovian associative learning in that it reflects stimulus contiguity, not contingency. Thus, evaluative learning should not be subject to stimulus competition, a proposal tested in the current experiments. Participants were presented in elemental and compound training phases with pictures of shapes as…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Competition, Associative Learning, Experiments
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Carneiro, Paula; Fernandez, Angel – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2010
Two experiments were conducted to examine whether children of different ages differ in their ability to reject associative false memories with the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. Two different types of manipulations that are thought to facilitate false memory rejection in adults--slowing the presentation rate and issuing explicit…
Descriptors: Models, Editing, Age Differences, Rejection (Psychology)
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Penaloza, Alan A.; Calvillo, Dustin P. – Creativity Research Journal, 2012
An incubation effect occurs when taking a break from a problem helps solvers arrive at the correct solution more often than working on it continuously. The forgetting-fixation account, a popular explanation of how incubation works, posits that a break from a problem allows the solver to forget the incorrect path to the solution and finally access…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Scores, Psychology, Teaching Methods
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Linck, Jared A.; Hughes, Meredith M.; Campbell, Susan G.; Silbert, Noah H.; Tare, Medha; Jackson, Scott R.; Smith, Benjamin K.; Bunting, Michael F.; Doughty, Catherine J. – Language Learning, 2013
Few adult second language (L2) learners successfully attain high-level proficiency. Although decades of research on beginning to intermediate stages of L2 learning have identified a number of predictors of the rate of acquisition, little research has examined factors relevant to predicting very high levels of L2 proficiency. The current study,…
Descriptors: Adults, Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency, Language Tests
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Carver, Rebecca Bruu; Wiese, Eline Fatima; Breivik, Jarle – International Journal of Science Education, Part B: Communication and Public Engagement, 2014
After completion of formal education, the mass media represent people's primary source of scientific information. Besides the traditional attention to scientific knowledge, national curricula are therefore increasingly emphasizing critical and reflexive engagement with media content as a key objective of science education. Despite this curricular…
Descriptors: Science Education, Class Activities, Science Activities, Media Literacy
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Bugg, Julie M.; Jacoby, Larry L.; Chanani, Swati – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
The item-specific proportion congruency (ISPC) effect is the finding of attenuated interference for mostly incongruent as compared to mostly congruent items. A debate in the Stroop literature concerns the mechanisms underlying this effect. Noting a confound between proportion congruency and contingency, Schmidt and Besner (2008) suggested that…
Descriptors: Evidence, Experiments, Stimuli, Associative Learning
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Cicchino, Jessica B.; Aslin, Richard N.; Rakison, David H. – Cognition, 2011
The associative learning account of how infants identify human motion rests on the assumption that this knowledge is derived from statistical regularities seen in the world. Yet, no catalog exists of what visual input infants receive of human motion, and of causal and self-propelled motion in particular. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that the…
Descriptors: Photography, Cues, Outcomes of Treatment, Infants
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Yu, Chen; Smith, Linda B. – Developmental Science, 2011
Recent studies show that both adults and young children possess powerful statistical learning capabilities to solve the word-to-world mapping problem. However, the underlying mechanisms that make statistical learning possible and powerful are not yet known. With the goal of providing new insights into this issue, the research reported in this…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Attention, Associative Learning, Human Body
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Renoult, Louis; Debruille, J. Bruno – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
The N400 ERP is an electrophysiological index of semantic processing. Its amplitude varies with the semantic category of words, their concreteness, or whether their meaning matches that of a preceding context. The results of a number of studies suggest that these effects could be markedly reduced or suppressed for stimuli that are repeated.…
Descriptors: Semantics, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests, Language Processing
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Kawai, Nobuyuki – Infant and Child Development, 2010
Research has revealed that fetuses can learn from events in their environment. The most convincing evidence for fetal learning is habituation to vibroacoustic stimulation (VAS) in human fetuses and classical conditioning in rat fetuses. However, these two research areas have been independent of each other. There have been few attempts at classical…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Associative Learning, Habituation, Animals
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