Essays written by 14-year-old pupils about a chemistry topic were analyzed for structure and process using ideal paradigms defined mathematically. The students' actual behaviors were then compared with the behavior expected had they used either a serial or a parallel processing strategy based on either a constructive or a reproductive memory.…

The factorial invariance of a temperament questionnaire was studied using the data provided by 24 teachers of 564 kindergarten through fourth-grade children. A LISREL analysis supported the hypothesized three-factor model and established factorial invariance of the shortened version of a behavioral rating scale constructed by Thomas and Chess.…

Presents decision-theoretic models which intrinsically include retrieval of multiple documents whereby system responds to request by presenting documents to patron in sequence, gathering feedback, and using information to modify future retrievals. Document independence model, set retrieval model, sequential retrieval model, learning model,…

The results of reanalyses of statistical procedures used in the class-size meta-analyses by Glass and Smith are reported. The analyses suggest that the use of suboptimal statistical methods did not greatly affect the results of the meta-analyses by Glass and Smith. (Author/PN)

The multitrait multimethod model of test validation is a conceptual approach for collecting, organizing, and integrating this information in making classification and intervention decisions for handicapped children. Typical problems with assessment practice are discussed with suggestions for overcoming these difficulties using the…

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a mathematical model for measuring decision-making units' efficiency, was applied to resource allocation information in the division of occupational and technical programs at San Antonio (Texas) College. Input-output data were used to analyze existing programs' efficiency and proposed program modifications. (RW)

Brief discussion of state-of-the-art of modeling complex information systems distinguishes between macrolevel and microlevel modeling of such systems. Network layout and hierarchical system models, simulation, information acquisition and dissemination, databases and information storage, and operating systems are described and assessed. Thirty-four…

Three item selection methods for criterion-referenced tests are examined: the classical theory of item difficulty and item-test correlation; the latent trait theory of item characteristic curves; and a decision-theoretic approach for optimal item selection. Item contribution to the standardized expected utility of mastery testing is discussed. (CM)

Practical formulas for several analysis of variance (ANOVA) designs and models are presented which make it possible for readers to compute strength of association measures without the use of complete ANOVA tables. (Author/PN)

Discusses steps involved in model building and simulation: understanding a problem, building a model, and simulation. Includes a mathematical model (focusing on a problem dealing with influenza) written in the DYNAMO computer language, developed specifically for writing simulation models. (Author/JN)

Tests the "holistic construal" method of validating constructs and testing organizational hypotheses, using examples from organizational theory and data on wholesale distribution companies. Holistic construal is meant to explicitly represent theoretical and empirical concepts, nonobservational hypotheses, and correspondence rules and…

Factor analysis, image analysis, and principal component analysis are compared with respect to the factor patterns they would produce under various conditions. The general conclusion that is reached is that the three methods produce results that are equivalent. (Author/JKS)

Three alternative estimation procedures for factor analysis based on the instrumental variables method are presented. Least squares estimation procedures are compared to maximum likelihood procedures. The conclusion, based on the data used in this study, is that two of the procedures seem to work well. (Author/JKS)

Linear programing was used to plan the desegregation program of the Seattle (WA) School District. The application described is unique in two respects: (1) its nearest/next nearest school distinction, using geographically coded student files, and (2) its measurement of the compatibility of two alternative legal frameworks for achieving racial…