Evaluates the Drug Prevention in Youth risk reduction program that was implemented in shelters for runaway/homeless youths in the southeastern United States. An evaluation strategy was developed allowing for comparisons between peer-led, adult-led and nonintervention groups. Well-trained and motivated peer/near-peer leaders made particularly…

A literature review of research on adolescent drinking and driving reveals which subgroups are most likely to drink and drive, where and why drinking and driving occur, peer- and family-related issues, and adolescent expectancies and perceived efficacies associated with drinking and drinking/driving behavior. The use of etiologic data in…

Evaluates the reading abilities of 122 male and 59 female drug users as assessed through the reading subtest of the Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised and the short form of the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test-Revised. Men and Blacks reported the highest level of education completed, but the tests revealed no differences across gender and ethnicity…

Describes a unique model developed in Florida for providing teacher training in alcohol and drug use prevention for application in the classroom that has potential for duplication at a national level. (LKS)

Individuals from substance-abusing family environments have been found to suffer from low self-esteem, depression, anger, and a variety of acting-out behaviors. An investigation of the differences between incarcerated juveniles from substance-abusing families and those from non-substance-abusing families indicates significant differences in family…

Provides helping professionals with an overview of treatment issues referred to as spiritual by those recovering from alcohol and drug addictions through 12-step programs. Reviews conflicts between academically trained helping professionals and researchers, and those advocating spiritually oriented treatment programs. Discusses spiritual…

Examines the long-term sequelae of childhood sexual abuse in six areas: posttraumatic stress, cognitive distortions, altered emotionality, disturbed relatedness, avoidance, and impaired self-reference. Concludes that childhood sexual abuse has a variety of long-term impacts and that the measurement strategies used to demonstrate these sequelae…

Reviews current activities in the fields of both substance abuse and disability, and discusses new efforts to take advantage of advances in electronic communications and systems change approaches. The work of federal agencies in these areas is highlighted, and linkages of these agencies with the private sector are advocated. (JPS)

Interviewed John Bradshaw on radio talk show. Bradshaw contributed to a greater understanding of factors that foster and maintain substance abuse and dysfunctional families. Focused on his concept of the inner child. (JBJ)

Examines the role of increasing use and heavy first-time use of alcohol and cigarettes in multisubstance abuse patterns for 4,192 secondary school students surveyed 3 times over a 4-year period. A history of licit substance use with increasing use levels is likely to precede use of other substances. (SLD)

Investigated relationship between perceived physical attractiveness and frequency of substance use among 1,297 adolescents. Female adolescents who rated themselves as unattractive were more likely to use illicit psychoactive substances than those who rated themselves as average or attractive. Perceived attractiveness did not contribute to…

Outlines public policy goals regarding substance abuse, sexually transmitted diseases, unintended pregnancies, and violence. Concludes that the nation will continue to be high-risk until reforms are implemented that will equalize access to the opportunity structure. (DM)

Although prenatal drug exposure places children in high-risk categories, educators must guard against preconceptions regarding outcomes. Environmental influences play a crucial role in determining long-term outcomes, ranging from minimal to severe. Effective intervention entails prevention at all levels, combined with a comprehensive approach.…

This article addresses the rationale for linking addiction treatment programs and parenting education interventions in substance-abusing families. Specific components of a parenting program for women in recovery are detailed, including parenting classes and support groups, mother-child play groups, and family literacy activities. Program…

Explores ways that school counselors and other school personnel can identify children of substance abusers (COSAs) and address the issues and concerns associated with identification and labeling. Reviews pervasiveness of parental chemical dependency and potential impact of parental substance abuse on COSAs. Discusses behavior patterns of COSAs…