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Sawin, Kathleen J.; Brei, Timothy J. – Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 2012
Health risk behaviors (HRBs) in adults with spina bifida such as poor diet, reduced physical activity, increased television viewing time, and substance abuse often have their genesis in early childhood. They are potentially preventable but if not addressed aggressively may continue to progress across the lifespan. Findings from a population-based…
Descriptors: Physical Activities, Substance Abuse, Adolescents, Congenital Impairments
Takac, Martin; Benuskova, Lubica; Knott, Alistair – Cognition, 2012
In this article we present a neural network model of sentence generation. The network has both technical and conceptual innovations. Its main technical novelty is in its semantic representations: the messages which form the input to the network are structured as sequences, so that message elements are delivered to the network one at a time. Rather…
Descriptors: Semantics, Language Acquisition, Sentences, Cognitive Mapping
Kalbfleisch, M. Layne; Gillmarten, Charles – Roeper Review, 2013
As neuroimaging technologies increase their sensitivity to assess the function of the human brain and results from these studies draw the attention of educators, it becomes paramount to identify misconceptions about what these data illustrate and how these findings might be applied to educational contexts. Some of these "neuromyths" have…
Descriptors: Neurology, Visual Acuity, Spatial Ability, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Arnold, L. Eugene; Lofthouse, Nicholas; Hersch, Sarah; Pan, Xueliang; Hurt, Elizabeth; Bates, Bethany; Kassouf, Kathleen; Moone, Stacey; Grantier, Cara – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2013
Objective: Preparing for a definitive randomized clinical trial (RCT) of neurofeedback (NF) for ADHD, this pilot trial explored feasibility of a double-blind, sham-controlled design and adherence/palatability/relative effect of two versus three treatments/week. Method: Unmedicated 6- to 12-year-olds with "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Research Methodology, Program Effectiveness, Outcomes of Treatment
Ball, Heather; Howe, Julia – Educational Psychology in Practice, 2013
This study explores the process of reintegration into school for children with an acquired brain injury (ABI) and considers the role of the educational psychologist (EP) in supporting these children. Interviews were conducted with a range of professionals in two specialist settings: a specialist rehabilitation centre and a children's hospital with…
Descriptors: Injuries, Specialists, Neurological Impairments, Brain
Hansen, Jo-Ida C.; Sullivan, Brandon A.; Luciana, Monica – Journal of Career Assessment, 2011
In this article, the separate literatures of a neurobiologically based approach system and vocational interests are reviewed and integrated into a social neuroscientific model of the processes underlying interests, based upon the idea of selective approach motivation. The authors propose that vocational interests describe the types of stimuli that…
Descriptors: Neurology, Biology, Vocational Interests, Models
Towards a Comprehensive Model of Stereotypy: Integrating Operant and Neurobiological Interpretations
Lanovaz, Marc J. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
The predominant models on the emergence and maintenance of stereotypy in individuals with developmental disabilities are based on operant and neurobiological interpretations of the behavior. Although the proponents of the two models maintain largely independent lines of research, operant and neurobiological interpretations of stereotypy are not…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Behavior Problems, Motion, Repetition
Wiltgen, Brian J.; Wood, Alynda N.; Levy, Brynne – Learning & Memory, 2011
The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is thought to be essential for synaptic plasticity and learning. However, recent work indicates that the role of this receptor depends on the prior history of the research subject. For example, animals trained on a hippocampus-dependent learning task are subsequently able to acquire new information in the…
Descriptors: Animals, Memory, Neurology, Experience
Mota, Theo; Giurfa, Martin; Sandoz, Jean-Christophe – Learning & Memory, 2011
A sophisticated form of nonelemental learning is provided by occasion setting. In this paradigm, animals learn to disambiguate an uncertain conditioned stimulus using alternative stimuli that do not enter into direct association with the unconditioned stimulus. For instance, animals may learn to discriminate odor rewarded from odor nonrewarded…
Descriptors: Animals, Stimuli, Entomology, Color
Serpell, Robert; Marfo, Kofi; Abubakar, Amina – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2014
Sub-Saharan Africa is home to millions of HIV-affected children. These children are likely to experience multiple developmental delays. In this chapter, I present data highlighting compromised neurobehavioral, mental health, and scholastic outcomes for children affected by HIV. Furthermore, I discuss biomedical factors (e.g., disease severity and…
Descriptors: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Foreign Countries, Risk, Mental Health
Montrezor, L. H. – Advances in Physiology Education, 2014
Medical school students are expected to learn many subjects at the same time. As a result, they often experience stress and find it difficult to cope with the curriculum. In addition, some first-year students find theory and practical classes to be monotonous. One of the difficulties faced by faculty members is, therefore, to maintain student…
Descriptors: Medical Schools, Medical Students, Student Interests, Physiology
Berardi, Anna; Morton, Brenda M. – Journal of At-Risk Issues, 2017
Children in foster care have experienced significant trauma due to the loss of primary attachment figures and the circumstances associated with that loss. Children who have suffered trauma generally present with cognitive, social, physical, and emotional vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities are often expressed in the P-12 academic setting…
Descriptors: Foster Care, Trauma, Cognitive Development, Emotional Response
Haarmann, Henk J.; George, Timothy; Smaliy, Alexei; Dien, Joseph – Journal of Problem Solving, 2012
Previous studies found that performance on the remote associates test (RAT) improves after a period of incubation and that increased alpha brain waves over the right posterior brain predict the emergence of RAT insight solutions. We report an experiment that tested whether increased alpha brain waves during incubation improve RAT performance.…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Problem Solving, Cognitive Processes, Neurology
Reynolds, Cecil R.; Vannest, Kimberly J.; Harrison, Judith R. – Jossey-Bass, An Imprint of Wiley, 2012
ADHD affects millions of people-some 3 to 5% of the general population. Written by a neuroscientist who has studied ADHD, a clinician who has diagnosed and treated it for 30 years, and a special educator who sees it daily, "The Energetic Brain" provides the latest information from neuroscience on how the ADHD brain works and shows how to harness…
Descriptors: Brain, Special Education Teachers, Parents, Children
Seni, Dan Alexander – Science & Education, 2012
Our purpose in this paper is to try to make a significant contribution to the analysis of cognitive capabilities of the organization of active social systems such as the business enterprise by re-examining the concepts of organizational intelligence, organizational memory and organizational learning in light of the findings of modern neuroscience.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Neurology, Science Education, Cognitive Processes