Conditionals in natural language are central to reasoning and decision making. A theoretical proposal called the Ramsey test implies the conditional probability hypothesis: that the subjective probability of a natural language conditional, P(if p then q), is the conditional subjective probability, P(q [such that] p). We report three experiments on…

It has been proposed that it is possible to decompose changes in variability of human motor behavior into 3 independent components: covariation, task tolerance, and stochastic noise. The authors simulate learning to throw accurately and show that for this task the proposed analysis does not give an unambiguous answer to the question of what the 3…

This proceedings volume of InCoTEPD 2018 covers many ideas for handling a wide variety of challenging issues in the field of education. The outstanding ideas dealing with these issues result in innovation of the system. There are many innovation strategies resulting from recent research that are discussed in this book. These strategies will become…

In a sample of 7,695 families in the prospective, nationally representative British Millennium Cohort Study, this study examined whether characteristics of the 1st-born child predicted parents' timing and probability of having another child within 5 years after the 1st child's birth. Infant temperament was assessed with the Carey Infant…

A description of the development of ideas in which the game of chess is discussed in terms of a mathematical relation between the chess pieces and the squares on the chessboard. (Author/HB)

The problem of selecting (from several bionomial populations) the one with the highest probability is discussed in this brief article. Several approximate solutions are offered and the solution is extended to bivariate correlation. (Author/JKS)

Here the year by year issue of U.S. patents since 1836 is used to correct for growth their apparent aging, as obtained by a synchronous study of citations made by (a) U.S. patent examiners and (b) periodicals. Apparent and corrected aging are treated in terms of conditional probabilities. (Author)

This article is based on a thesis submitted by the first author to Emory University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the MA degree. (Author)

In many situations in education and psychology it is desired to select from k binomial populations the one having the largest probability of success. This paper describes a two-stage procedure for accomplishing this goal. (Author/CTM)

Proposed a taxonomy of latent structure assumptions for probability matrix decomposition (PMD) that includes the original PMD model and a three-way extension of the multiple classification latent class model. Simulation study results show the usefulness of the taxonomy. (SLD)

Discusses simultaneous inference, term for techniques that have been designed to limit the probability of one or more false rejections of null hypotheses (Type I errors) for a set of significance tests. Presents and reviews some of the better-known simultaneous inference techniques. (NB)