Preventing mass shootings in the United States, particularly those occurring in school settings, is an important priority for families, government leaders and officials, public safety agencies, mental health professionals, educators, and local communities. What does the evidence say about how to detect, prevent, and respond to these tragic events?…

Childhood trauma is a national health crisis. As many as two out of every three children in any classroom across the country have experienced some form of trauma. Meanwhile, a recent study in Washington State showed that 80 percent of the children eligible for special education services were exposed to early childhood trauma, which has been linked…

This explanatory, sequential mixed methods study aimed to explore (a) the prevalence of secondary traumatic stress (STS) in resident assistants (RAs) at a 4-year public university in the southeastern United States, (b) the personal and institutional supports and barriers that impact resident assistants' responses to this STS, and (c) the roles STS…

Stress can be directly or indirectly encountered. The focus of this study was on indirect stress, also called secondary traumatic stress. Indirect stress is often called secondary traumatic stress (STS) and is prevalently experienced by practicing social workers or other helping professionals. The compassion fatigue resilience model (CFRM)…

Background: Developmentally, social relationships are critical in the lives of emerging adults; however, little research has been focused on the types of protective behaviors that individuals on college campuses engaged in during the pandemic. Purpose: This study examines predictors of emerging adults' self-protective behaviors with a focus on…

The COVID-19 pandemic brought abrupt changes to teaching that caused increased stress amid an already difficult time. Whether teaching remote, hybrid, or in-person, university faculty were expected to continue teaching throughout the pandemic, despite personal challenges at home. In addition, there were expectations that faculty show greater…

Autistic youth are more likely to experience traumatic events and may be more likely to develop trauma-related symptoms. However, accurately identifying trauma-related symptoms in autistic youth can be challenging. We examined post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-related diagnoses in youth with and without autism spectrum…

Community-based youth-serving organizations are often seen by participants and their families as safe and supportive environments with no stigma attached to participation. Many children attend community-based afterschool programs five days a week. In such an environment, trusted adults can consistently monitor the moods and behaviors of…

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess students' responses to a potentially triggering passage from literature using differing trigger warnings. Participants and Method: 123 undergraduates read a passage which contained depictions of physical and sexual assault. Students were randomly assigned to differing trigger warning conditions prior…

Calm is a choice. The key to a calm classroom isn't students who are obedient or quiet but students who feel empowered and safe. It starts with you as the teacher and your ability to foster an environment that supports emotional awareness, psychological safety and belonging, and connected relationships. In "Cultivating a Classroom of…

This paper explores the intricate interplay of racism, trauma, and identity in Toni Morrison's novel, "The Bluest Eye." It delves into the challenges faced by African Americans within a predominantly white society by utilizing current trauma theory and black feminist concepts. The theoretical framework includes cultural trauma theories,…

Children enter classrooms each day with a variety of experiences, and it is the hope that their teachers do their best to meet their needs. The 2020 global pandemic had a collective impact and resulted in new experiences - in big and small ways. The purpose of this Action Research study was to investigate trauma-informed resources and develop…

Over the past decade, schools have increasingly adopted trauma-informed practices (TIP) due to research confirming the negative impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and trauma on children and youth. This study explored how trauma-informed training affects teachers' experiences of meaningful work. The study is based on the theoretical…

Numerous studies show that children and young people in out-of-home care (OOHC) face significant disadvantage in completing high school and accessing post-secondary education. The current research involved a two-round Delphi survey which aimed to identify educational challenges and school reforms to improve the educational experiences of children…

Hate crimes across the country are becoming more prevalent, and there are growing concerns for higher education and college campuses. White supremacy has been noted as a potential driving force escalating hate and discrimination at disproportionate levels, especially for Black students on predominantly white campuses. This qualitative study…