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Brenda Jones Harden; Bonnie E. Brett; Jacquelyn T. Gross; Christina Weiland; Jordan Berne; Elisa L. Klein; Christy Tirrell-Corbin – Grantee Submission, 2023
Substantial research has documented that Pre-Kindergarten (Pre-K) programs have important benefits for the school readiness of young children, especially those from low-income backgrounds. Recent studies in this arena have taken advantage of the Regression Discontinuity (RD) design to evaluate the impacts of Pre-K, due to ethical and pragmatic…
Descriptors: Preschool Education, School Readiness, Low Income Students, Program Effectiveness
Mansoor Aslam Rathore; Emma Armstrong-Carter; Saima Siyal; Aisha K. Yousafzai; Jelena Obradovic – Grantee Submission, 2023
The present study examines the link between children's number of older siblings and their cognitive development, as measured by executive function (EFs) skills and verbal skills (VIQ) in a sample of 1,302 4-year-old children (54% boys) living in rural Pakistan. Specifically, we investigate whether the links between the number of older siblings and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Siblings, Family Structure, Cognitive Development
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Elana Sarabin; Kelsey Harkness; Kara Murias – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2023
Objective: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity; however, other executive function dysregulation is common, including inhibition and working memory. This study aims to identify CT differences based on executive function performance in individuals with and without ADHD.…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Brain, Executive Function, Children
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Noelle M. Suntheimer; Sharon Wolf – Grantee Submission, 2023
This study investigated whether transitory and persistent poverty spells were associated with children's learning (literacy and numeracy scores) and executive function outcomes in Ghana. Children resided in the Greater Accra region (N = 2,154; 49% female; M[subscript age] = 5.2 years at wave-1) and were followed at four-time points over three…
Descriptors: Poverty, Correlation, Executive Function, Learning Processes
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Marija Cvijetic; Svetlana Kaljaca; Nenad Glumbic – International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 2024
Studies have indicated that the level of autonomy of people with intellectual disability is influenced by personal and environmental factors. The aims of this cross-sectional and correlational study were to determine a correlation between the level of autonomy in adults with intellectual disability, on the one hand, and specific personal and…
Descriptors: Adults, Mild Intellectual Disability, Moderate Intellectual Disability, Environmental Influences
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Michal L. Cook; Brianne Tomaszewski; Elena Lamarche; Karrah Bowman; Claire B. Klein; Sara Stahl; Laura G. Klinger – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2024
Autistic individuals are at significantly higher risk of suicide than non-autistic individuals, with transition-aged youth at potentially the highest risk. While lower executive function (EF) skills have been significantly associated with suicide risk in other clinical samples, the link between EF and suicidality has not yet been examined for…
Descriptors: Suicide, At Risk Persons, Youth, Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Tilo Strobach; Julia Karbach – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2024
Previous studies demonstrated that dual-task impairments are higher in children than in young adults. A previous study systematically assessed the sources of these larger dual-task impairments by identifying age-related differences in capacity limitations during dual-task processing. Capacity limitations in central cognitive processes were present…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Age Differences, Children, Young Adults
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Jill Locke; Anthony Osuna; Raine J. Myrvold; Jennifer Schoffer Closson – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2024
Recent trends suggest that autistic young adults are increasingly accessing postsecondary education than in years past. However, these students often face unique challenges that negatively impact their college experience resulting in high dropout. The Mentoring, Organization and Social Support for Autism Inclusion on Campus (MOSSAIC) Program is a…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, College Students, Mentors, Social Support Groups
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Pietro Spataro; Mara Morelli; Sabine Pirchio; Sara Costa; Emiddia Longobardi – European Journal of Psychology of Education, 2024
This study investigated the executive functions (EF) of preschool children and their associations with emotional, linguistic, and cognitive skills, using parent and teacher reports. A total of 130 children aged 34 to 71 months participated. The preschool version of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-P) was completed by both…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Executive Function, Language Skills, Thinking Skills
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María Álvarez-Couto; Domingo García-Villamisar; Araceli del Pozo – International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2024
Background: Callous-unemotional traits (CUT) are an antisocial personality trait, which can be present in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially in relation to difficulties in empathy. These traits are related to challenging behaviors, such as aggressive behavior, which may occur in people with ASD. Method: This study aimed to…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Antisocial Behavior, Behavior Problems, Adults
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Nannan Cui; Yang Wang; Jiefei Luo; Yan Wu – Journal of Research in Reading, 2024
Background: Executive function (EF) plays a crucial role in children's reading. However, previous studies were based on offline products of reading comprehension. Online research is needed to reveal the core mechanisms underlying children's reading processing. By measuring children's working memory (WM) and cognitive flexibility (CF), we…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Eye Movements, Reading Comprehension, Reading Processes
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Yan Jiang; Alison Wishard Guerra; Shana R. Cohen; Timothy T. Brown; Naomi T. Lin; Monica Molgaard; John Iversen – Early Education and Development, 2024
Research Findings: Early elementary school is a crucial time for the development of executive functions, but less is known about the impact of parent-child narratives on executive function development in children of this age group. This study aims to investigate the influence of parental scaffolding styles in parent-child co-constructed narratives…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Parent Participation, Parents as Teachers, Scaffolding (Teaching Technique)
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Cassondra M. Eng; Aria Tsegai-Moore; Anna V. Fisher – Grantee Submission, 2024
Computerized assessments and digital games have become more prevalent in childhood, necessitating a systematic investigation of the effects of gamified executive function assessments on performance and engagement. This study examined the feasibility of incorporating gamification and a machine learning algorithm that adapts task difficulty to…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Preschool Curriculum, Preschool Education, Preschool Tests
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Mason, Lauren A.; Zimiga, Brandon M.; Anders-Jefferson, Regina; Paap, Kenneth R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
Are Autism Quotient (AQ) scores related to executive functioning (EF)? We sampled 200 students of normal intelligence and examined the relationship between AQ scores and: (a) 5 self-ratings of EF, (b) 5 performance-based measures of EF, and (c) 5 types of activities or experiences that are assumed to recruit EF and sometimes enhance EF. Our…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Executive Function, Cognitive Ability
Nazaribadie, Marzieh; Ghaleiha, Ali; Ahmadpanah, Mohammad; Mazdeh, Mehrdokht; Matinnia, Nasrin; Zarabian, Mohammad-Kazem; Ostovar, Negar – Journal of Educational Psychology - Propositos y Representaciones, 2021
Background: The experience of cognitive deficits is common among patients with degenerative and psychiatric disorders. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the empirical literature of mindfulness intervention on cognitive functions. Methods: This study was conducted in June 2020 by using the scientific records were…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Metacognition, Intervention, Cognitive Processes
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