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Ginny M. Frederick; Hannah K. Wilson; Ewan R. Williams – Journal of American College Health, 2024
Objective: To compare dietary intakes between LGBTQ + and non-LGBTQ + college students. Participants: Participants were LGBTQ+ (n = 92) and non-LGBTQ+ (n = 491) college students. Methods: The 26-item Dietary Screener Questionnaire assessed intakes of added sugars, fiber, whole grains, fruits and vegetables, dairy, and calcium. Percentage of…
Descriptors: Eating Habits, Individual Differences, LGBTQ People, Food
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Margaux Renoux; Sébastien Goudeau; Theodore Alexopoulos; Cédric A. Bouquet; Andrei Cimpian – npj Science of Learning, 2024
Two studies examined how preschoolers (N = 610; French) explain differences in achievement. Replicating and extending previous research, the results revealed that children invoke more inherent factors (e.g., intelligence) than extrinsic factors (e.g., access to educational resources) when explaining why some children do better in school than…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Academic Achievement, Individual Differences, Student Attitudes
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Mei Grace Behrendt; Carrie Clark; McKenna Elliott; Joseph Dauer – npj Science of Learning, 2024
Metacognitive calibration--the capacity to accurately self-assess one's performance--forms the basis for error detection and self-monitoring and is a potential catalyst for conceptual change. Limited brain imaging research on authentic learning tasks implicates the lateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate brain regions in expert scientific…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Undergraduate Students, Biological Sciences, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Sujin Oh – ProQuest LLC, 2024
The revised Speech Learning Model (SLM-r) postulates that learners with more precisely defined categories in their native language (L1) exhibit greater proficiency in acquiring sounds in a second language (L2). Despite its recent emergence, empirical studies validating this hypothesis remain scarce. This study aims to investigate the predictive…
Descriptors: Native Language, Second Language Learning, Speech Communication, Individual Differences
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Silvia, Paul J.; Cotter, Katherine N.; Christensen, Alexander P. – Creativity Research Journal, 2023
Studies of everyday creativity suggest that some people are like creative omnivores, dabbling in a broad range of creative pursuits, but others are like picky eaters, focusing on a single creative passion. A week-long experience sampling study examined the breadth vs depth of 125 university students' everyday creative activities. Several times a…
Descriptors: Creativity, Creative Activities, Personality Traits, Undergraduate Students
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Yamasaki, Brianna L.; Prat, Chantel S. – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2023
Neural efficiency, adaptability, and synchronization, or the ability to recruit, dynamically modulate, and coordinate neural resources on an "as needed" basis, have been proposed as hallmarks of skilled reading. The current study explored the relation between these aspects of neural functioning during reading, as measured by…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Inhibition, Self Control, Cognitive Processes
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Jing Liu; Wei Su – Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 2025
Research on self-assessment has overwhelmingly conceptualized it as a product and treated students as a homogeneous group, restraining our understanding of the topic. To address this gap, this study aimed to identify different student profiles based on their self-assessment and to examine how it related to their learning achievement over time.…
Descriptors: Profiles, Self Evaluation (Individuals), Undergraduate Students, Comprehension
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Xuanxuan Lin; Rong Tan; Jianwen Chen; Xintong Zheng; Nianqi Liu; Yaojin Li – Social Psychology of Education: An International Journal, 2025
School engagement is crucial for adolescents' academic performance. This study identifies that perceptions of barriers despite schooling significantly influence such engagement. When students in a class share these perceptions, a unique classroom climate emerges, impacting overall school engagement. Specifically, this study explores how…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Student Attitudes, Student Participation, Barriers
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Akmaral B. Smanova; Aidana A. Otynshiyeva; Indira S. Saktaganova; Saida Assanova; Aigerim M. Lazim; Kevin M. Beaver – Youth & Society, 2025
There has been a great deal of scholarly interest in trying to uncover the factors that account for variation in educational attainment. Equally important, but not yet fully answered, is why some people aspire for high levels of education and others do not and, moreover, why some people believe that they will reach their educational aspirations…
Descriptors: Educational Attainment, Academic Aspiration, Socialization, Individual Differences
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Christopher Cox; Riccardo Fusaroli; Yngwie A. Nielsen; Sunghye Cho; Roberta Rocca; Arndis Simonsen; Azia Knox; Meg Lyons; Mark Liberman; Christopher Cieri; Sarah Schillinger; Amanda L. Lee; Aili Hauptmann; Kimberly Tena; Christopher Chatham; Judith S. Miller; Juhi Pandey; Alison S. Russell; Robert T. Schultz; Julia Parish-Morris – Cognitive Science, 2025
Engaging in fluent conversation is a surprisingly complex task that requires interlocutors to promptly respond to each other in a way that is appropriate to the social context. In this study, we disentangled different dimensions of turn-taking by investigating how the dynamics of child-adult interactions changed according to the activity…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children, Preadolescents, Interpersonal Communication
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Yanli Lin; Rachel E. Brough; Allison Tay; Joshua J. Jackson; Todd S. Braver – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Previous research has linked working memory capacity (WMC) with enhanced proactive control. However, it remains unclear the extent to which this relationship reflects the influence of WMC on the tendency to engage proactive control, or rather, the ability to implement it. The current study sought to clarify this ambiguity by leveraging the Dual…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Individual Differences, Self Control
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Julie A. Hubbard; Christina C. Moore; Lindsay Zajac; Elizabeth Marano; Megan K. Bookhout; Mary Dozier – Applied Developmental Science, 2024
Although children display strong individual differences in emotion expression, they also engage in emotional synchrony or reciprocity with interaction partners. To understand this paradox between trait-like and dyadic influences, the goal of the current study was to investigate children's emotion expression using a Social Relations Model (SRM)…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Childrens Attitudes, Emotional Response, Psychological Patterns
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Yicong Zheng; Aike Shi; Xiaonan L. Liu – npj Science of Learning, 2024
This Perspective article expands on a working memory-dependent dual-process model, originally proposed by Zheng et al., to elucidate individual differences in the testing effect. This model posits that the testing effect comprises two processes: retrieval-attempt and post-retrieval re-encoding. We substantiate this model with empirical evidence…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Models, Individual Differences, Testing
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Jeynes, William H. – Urban Education, 2024
This paper shares the results of a meta-analysis on the parental-expectations component of parental involvement and its relationship with the student outcomes of urban students. Special attention is paid to parental expectations, because in many past studies, parental expectations has been the most salient component of parental involvement. This…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Expectation, Parent Participation, Parent Attitudes
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Yunxiang Zhang; Huizhong He; Lixin Yi – Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 2025
The face inversion effect is an important indicator of holistic face perception and reflects the developmental level of face processing. This study examined the face inversion effect in deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) children aged 7-17 using the face dimensions task. This task uses photographic images of a face, in which configural and featural…
Descriptors: Human Body, Cognitive Processes, Visual Stimuli, Recognition (Psychology)
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