Examined the congruence between marital partners' perceptions, metaperceptions, and meta-metaperceptions, as well as the impact of this congruence on communicative satisfaction, in 50 couples. The data indicated high levels of agreement, understanding, feeling understood, realization, and communicative satisfaction in the couples and no…

Examined relationships between self-disclosure and marital satisfaction in 50 couples. On self-report measures, husbands' disclosure to wives was positively related to and predictive of husbands' marital satisfaction. Wives' disclosure to husbands was a predictor of husbands' marital satisfaction and positively related to and predictive of wives'…

Discusses the socialization of values from a sociohistorical perspective. Argues that value similarities between grandparents and grandchildren are a result of skipped generations being socialized within similar phases of the Kondratieff Wave. Consequently, they bear analogous historical imprints and share common outlooks. Includes a review by…

Personality, interest, and job satisfaction measures were completed by 395 workers. Congruence did not predict job satisfaction. Personality dimensions (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness) contributed significantly to satisfaction. Extraversion and low neuroticism were unique predictors. (SK)

In an existential framework, career stability and satisfaction are achieved when there is correspondence between one's vocation and opportunities it provides for authentic existence. A career decision-making model based on this framework has four elements: awareness of responsibility and freedom, evaluation of meaning and the authentic self,…

Data from 206 nursing service employees (171 African American) and a 5-factor taxonomy of personality were used to test effects of personality similarity on job satisfaction, performance, and tenure. Tenure was significantly predicted by satisfaction and similarity in conscientiousness. No association was found between personality similarity and…

Examines whether structural factors or family socialization processes are stronger correlates of attitude consensus between mothers and adolescent children regarding maternal employment. Findings from National Survey of Children revealed that attitude similarity regarding consequences of maternal employment for family life was moderately strong.…

Suggests counselors measure vocational interests with three inventories: Ramak Interest Inventory, Courses Interest Inventory, and Self-Directed Search. Discusses implications from studies on vocational congruence, environmental congruence, structure of occupational fields, and within-occupation congruence. Presents five defense mechanisms for…

The diadic method of measuring congruence by comparing the personality type of each member in an environment with each of the others was used with 205 workers. Correlations between diadic congruence scores and satisfaction were found. These correlations were similar to those between homogeneity of the environment and satisfaction. (SK)

Regression analysis of data from 93 college students showed that self-efficacy beliefs and outcome expectations are more powerful predictors of occupations considered than person-environment congruence. Congruence alone is a weak predictor of occupational considerations. Social Cognitive Career Theory and Holland's Theory of Career Choice…

Examines several factors that are hypothesized to influence the perceptual congruence of organization members (extent to which members agree on their perceptions of the organization's social structure). Proposes that employees' congruence on the organization's social structure is influenced by similarities in formal structure, demographic…

Counterintuitively, Y. Kareev, I. Lieberman, and M. Lev (1997) found that a lower short-term memory capacity benefits performance on a correlation detection task. They assumed that people with low short-term memory capacity (low spans) perceived the correlations as more extreme because they relied on smaller samples, which are known to exaggerate…

The most fundamental classification of individuals into social groups is whether an individual belongs to your group (ingroup member) or to some other group (outgroup member). Individuals tend to favor their own group as compared to the outgroup; perceive outgroup members as being different from ingroup members and homogeneous in their own…

A prevalent theory about the cognitive aspect of humor is that most humorous stimuli are characterized by incongruity that is first perceived and then resolved. However, the combination of incongruity and resolution is not sufficient for constituting a joke--resolution should be inadequate as well. In other words, resolution is brought about by…

Introduces a counseling strategy that facilitates a client's ability to identify parts of his or her personality, establish dialogue between these parts, and allow the parts to work together in psychological congruence. Discusses the concept in which the strategy of parts processing might be an appropriate intervention. (Author/NB)