Theories by Sergiovanni and Vaill suggest that what a leader stands for and communicates to others is qualitatively more important than how that leader behaves, given any particular set of circumstances. Quality is the primary criteria for determining successful educational practices today as measured by the Secondary School Recognition Program's…

A study was done to investigate the relationship between a selected set of personality dimensions and the propensities of supervisors to use varying levels of both positive and negative reinforcements. Data were collected during exercises involving 129 male undergraduate business students carried out in a behavioral laboratory wherein a…

The role of a department chairperson is considered, based on personal experience in six years of department building at the Department of Communication Studies at the University of Windsor in Ontario, Canada. The leadership position was assumed when the department was small, consisting of five faculty members. In six years, it grew to 12 faculty…

Small rural schools with fewer than 15 pupils per grade at the elementary level, fewer than 200 pupils in high schools, and fewer than 300 pupils in all grades at K-12 (or 1-12) schools or districts were profiled in 1980 by the National Institute of Education. Nearly 6,000 small schools were scattered throughout the country with the following…

In an examination of efforts towards the implementation of the Tomorrow Higher Education (THE) model for student development, a survey of 204 student personnel administrators at small, public, rural community colleges was conducted to determine: (1) the extent to which practitioners agreed with the basic constructs and underlying assumptions of…

Observations were conducted in 29 elementary schools in which reading instruction had been found to be effective, as well as in classes from less effective schools, in order to determine the characteristics which were associated with effective and ineffective compensatory reading programs. The schools' membership in a cluster (partially effective,…

A review of current research and literature about women in higher education is presented in this monograph in the context of equality of opportunity. The following areas are addressed: the status of women students, institutional practices that affect the participation of women students, the socialization process, women's studies and women's…

American public schools enroll some 9.5 million students at the middle-school level and approximately 6 million students with disabilities at the K-12 levels. This research digest briefly presents highlights from two reports of studies that examined what is known about principals who lead middle-school and disabled student populations and what…

This document contains four symposium papers on managers, learning, and human resource development (HRD). "Expatriate Managers and HRD: The Missing Link" (Teresa M. Palmer, Iris I. Varner) reviews the literature on selection, training, retention, and organizational strategy related to expatriate assignments and presents a model that ties…

A survey of 39 colleges/universities sought information on characteristics of 1973-93 summer school administrators. Results indicate large changes in some characteristics (e.g., gender), very small changes in others (highest degree held). Some variations emerged by institution type or location. Some theories for the changes are proposed for…

As demand for school reform have grown in Malta in recent years we have noticed increased focus being given to quality issues. As a result the education authorities, due to two main policy initiatives--the introduction of the National Minimum curriculum and school development planning--are encouraging a decentralised form of governance that…

A number of challenges mark the transition from full-time faculty member to academic administrator.

A brief overview is provided of the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) program of the National Center for Education Statistics, and areas of research or survey evaluation in which work is ongoing or planned are described. The SASS is an integrated system of surveys of public and private schools, school districts, school principals and…

A survey of school district superintendents sought to gather data on a number of characteristics and compare the data to studies conducted in 1971 and 1982. From a random sample of 2,536 superintendents, stratified by district size, usable survey responses were received from 1,724, for a return rate of 68 percent, or 11 percent of all United…

One hundred and thirteen librarians attended a management conference and workshop at Purdue University on September 27-28, 1974. The objectives of the conference were to motivate and to stimulate thought and discussion about managerial style and management responsibilities. The first formal session of the conference, entitled "What Kind of…