After describing Sweden's economic and political background, the author discusses its industrial democracy--workers' participation in management--and labor legislation, particularly the Act on Employee Participation in Decision-Making effective January 1, 1977. Contrasts beliefs in the unions' possible stranglehold of industry in co-determination…

Presents a concise overview of the responsibilities, membership, structure, and requirements of the Federal Election Commission (FEC). Created in 1974, the FEC oversees the financial activities of candidates and political parties. Discusses corporate and union political action committees (PACs) as well as contribution limits and prohibitions. (MJP)

Examines the controversies and consequences involved in drawing proper districts for federal and state representatives. Discusses the Supreme Court's role in deciding these questions. Provides definitions and related court cases concerning gerrymandering and malapportionment, the two most common abuses of the districting process. (MJP)

The US Constitution, federal and state legislatures, courts, and regulations permit physical restraint for both therapeutic (i.e., behavior change) and risk prevention purposes. Although most venues limit restraint as punishment, no government entity prohibits use of physical restraint as a response to imminent danger. This paper provides a…

This volume analyzes government policies for helping students pay for education beyond high school and was developed as a result of an October 1994 gathering of policymakers, analysts, and practitioners convened to review federal student assistance and to consider policy alternatives for the Clinton Administration. Chapter 1, "A Fifty-Year…

This book is intended to be a comprehensive work that answers the myriad of specific legal questions engendered by special education statutes. The book attempts to give guidance on particular legal questions, to collect and evaluate caselaw and other authoritative materials, and to put forward the positions that seem best supported in reason and…

In October 1988, the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) became law in Canada and was applied to school classrooms and laboratories. Educators expressed concerns that difficulties in implementation would negatively affect student laboratory activity. In 1994, a survey of 219 randomly selected Manitoba junior and senior high…

The Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights (OCR) is charged with protecting fundamental rights to equal educational opportunity. During fiscal year (FY) 1990, OCR received 3,382 discrimination complaints, the highest number (as of that year) in the agency's history. OCR's National Enforcement Strategy, announced in 1990, was to focus…

Noting that feeding children foods that are nourishing and uncontaminated keeps children healthy and safe, this book is intended to help caregivers provide children with healthy and safe food, and meet national, state, and local nutrition standards. Chapter one provides a rationale for the book and includes tips for child care providers. Chapter…

This report describes current state monitoring systems in special education, identifies trends across states, and examines critical issues. Data are based on discussions with monitoring personnel, responses to a 1992 survey, input from meetings, and analysis of documents provided by the states. Analysis focuses on five areas: (1) the composition…

This study examined how Illinois and Massachusetts are attempting to establish a more inclusive educational system as required by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. The study looked at factors affecting inclusion in six categories: (1) funding, (2) education delivery systems, (3) political climate, (4) Federal and State regulations…

This pamphlet discusses the "Guidelines for Eliminating Discrimination and Denial of Services on the Basis of Race, Color, National Origin, Sex, and Handicap in Vocational Education Programs," first issued by the Office for Civil Rights in 1979, and how they relate to the civil rights of students and staff. It also outlines the responsibilities of…

This hearing, one in a series, on the reauthorization of the Higher Education Act of 1965, was held on Maui, Hawaii, to hear public testimony from educators, students, parents and members of the public at large. The first panel consisted of professionals and administrators from local community colleges addressing the needs, clientele, and mission…

One of nine competency-based training modules for personnel preparation in early childhood special education, this guide focuses on developing the individualized education program (IEP). All modules are adaptable for use with a general audience, direct service personnel, or administrators and are based on the following principles of the Ohio…

This policy brief discusses how certain types of state funding provisions create fiscal incentives for more restrictive placements for students with disabilities. This most likely occurs when funding systems are tied to the location in which the services are provided and a more restrictive placement will generate more state aid in relation to…