A developmental sequence of stages in the representation of regular space figures, first obtained in Jamaica, was cross-validated on a U.S. sample. Discussion centers on the relation between representational ability and perceptual development and on the variation in the difficulty of drawing different figures. (Author/MK)

Describes an art lesson used with children in the third grade to help them learn about symmetry, as well as encouraging them to draw larger than usual. Explains that students learn about the belief called "Horror Vacui" of the Northwest American Indian tribes and create their interpretation of this belief. (CMK)

Describes how sketch journals help students make connections in their learning across the curriculum through drawing and writing. Also called observation journals, the journals provide students with a tool for observation and a place to practice writing, respond to literature, take notes, solve problems, express themselves, and think in words and…

Focuses on criteria reference testing in art education. Offers an example of how the author used this in a classroom. States that the students created a shadow-box drawing of a box with hanging objects. Explains that the lesson is designed to test their drawing, shading, and composition skills. (CMK)

Presents the results of a study, part of a larger project investigating knowledge acquisition in Christian religions. Focuses on primary school children's drawings of the "house where God lives" to learn about belief revision or conceptual change. Finds that children's drawings indicated belief revision and conceptual change. (CMK)

Seeks to clarify why drawing traditionally holds a central place in the art school program. Outlines what is meant by the Renaissance concept of drawing and how the role of drawing has changed over the centuries. (KM)

An animation project was developed for pupils with moderate learning difficulties, age 12-14. Using a computer system, normal pencil-and-paper drawings done by children were shot by a video camera, stored in the computer, colored with a graphics program, and then manipulated for various animation effects. (JDD)

Discusses the developmental process that allows children to use symbols to represent their experienced world and to construct imagined worlds. Emphasizes the critical role of art and play in children's growth as symbol makers. (BB)

Analyzes 500 drawings by 258 Hong Kong Chinese and English children (ages 7-11) in order to assess intellectual, social, and emotional development. Found that, irrespective of race or culture, the drawings were symbolic and that similarities were more apparent than differences. Also found that as development proceeded, symbolism was increasingly…

The natural graphic talents of very young children do not deteriorate with age. Rather, aesthetic symbols are progressively devalued in the curriculum. Greater acknowledgement of the importance of graphic symbolization will improve symbolic literacy and contribute to cognitive development. (SK)

Describes a videodisk called "Draw and Color Funny Doodles with Uncle Fred" on drawing for an elementary school curriculum. Library media skills objectives, art objectives, grade levels, resources, instructional roles, activities/procedures, evaluation, and follow-up are included. (LRW)

Explains that relief sculpture is three-dimensional and flat along the back with forms and figures projecting from the front. Describes an art activity for first- and second-grade students and another for middle school students to make relief sculptures focusing on the theme of architecture, and specifically, houses. (CMK)

Presents a lesson where second- and third-grade students draw imaginary birds after examining pictures of real birds to get ideas for various poses. Explains the use of colors where the students learn to blend colors using an art technique called "rainbow order." (CMK)

Investigated the effectiveness of analyzing drawings of 8- to 12-year-old children as a method of understanding the effects of living and coping with ongoing civic unrest. Compared drawings by white and black South African children with those of children from Belfast, Ireland. Found cross-national differences in stress, emotion, adjustment, and…

Presents an art project in which students create postmodern portraits of George Washington in the style of Andy Warhol's pop-art portraits. Each portrait incorporates a fact and six symbols associated with Washington. Describes the project in detail and lists the materials and project objectives. (CMK)