Colleges universities, and nonprofit organizations received 2.1 billion dollars in Department of Defense contract funds for research, development, testing, and evaluation in fiscal 1984. Tables of the 1984 figures that list the top contractors are presented. (MLW)

Discussion of intelligent computer assisted learning (CAL) systems considers both those that offer natural language communication to the user and those that are adaptive, generative, or self-improving. Current interest in student-built learning environments (exemplified by work with LOGO and PROLOG) is examined, and obstacles to future intelligent…

Six major engineering research centers at universities have been funded by the National Science Foundation as part of a program to foster university-industry cooperation. The focus for each center is discussed, and the general purpose of the entire program (to bridge the gap between knowledge and application) is briefly examined. (DH)

Identifies six needs assessment procedures applied in educational and other organizations, provides examples of how each is used, and discusses the relationship of needs assessment to problem solving. Kaufman's Outcomes Model is described and the Organizational Elements Model is presented as a pragmatic approach to contemporary decision making and…

Encouraging a science park at Cambridge University has resulted in a geographically compact community with a broad range of high-technology industries. Factors leading to this university/business success (also called "The Cambridge Phenomenon") include: more relaxed attitudes about faculty's outside activities; positive attitudes toward…

The belief that "knowledge is most effectively pursued when disseminated without hindrance" began when science first took shape in early Greece. Its development during the Middle Ages and Renaissance is discussed (examining patenting innovation), ownership rights became more important as science became a means to power. (DH)

Although research and evaluation are considered important to the successful execution of public information programs, this survey of top federal information officers reveals that almost no research or evaluation is conducted. Reasons for the discrepancies between theory and practice are discussed. (PD)

This paper considers the relation of education and of scientific and technical knowledge developed through research and development to labor productivity growth within the medium term. The empirical significance of sources of productivity growth is tested using data for the United States and 14 other nations. (Author/MLF)

Explains why stronger ties between business/industry and universities are important for the advancement of research and development. Stresses the need for increased understanding of each party's role. (SK)

Federal support for basic research is assessed with particular attention directed toward those agencies that are most likely to receive increased funding. (LBH)

These four pamphlets in Spanish offer guidelines supported by theory-driven quality research that is problem-based, practice-relevant, and consumer-oriented. Each pamphlet has a section summarizing research from the literature or topic notes as well as implications for the classroom. The first guide offers principles for teachers concerning the…

Based on the assumption that basic science is the crucial building block for technological and biomedical progress, this paper examines the relevance for public policy of basic demographic and behavioral sciences research on children and families. The characteristics of basic research as they apply to policy making are explored. First, basic…

This paper reviews the communicative behavior surrounding the coordination of expert and "semi-expert" groups of scientists and engineers by analyzing several histories of technology that focus on the coordination of research information between a research organization and many development organizations. For the paper's purposes,…

Two surveys were conducted to identify the educational research and development needs of the area served by the Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory. The first was a survey completed by 1,884 (29.1%) educators in the region, and the second was a telephone survey of 400 households. This report concentrates on the responses of educators. Four…

This document discusses how in September 2001, 60 college presidents and 40 senior federal officials met in Ottawa, Canada to discuss different ways to improve Canada's educational system. The meeting was planned in order to strengthen Canada's ability to compete with other nations in the global market. The following are the three main goals of…